Can optic neuritis be treated without hospitalization?

Written by Zhang Hui

Neurology

Updated on September 22, 2024

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Patients with optic neuritis generally experience severe symptoms, as failing to receive appropriate treatment can lead to a significant and potentially irreversible decline in vision, resulting in disability. It is recommended that patients with optic neuritis be hospitalized for treatment. Hospitalization is necessary to carry out various supportive tests, including lumbar puncture lab tests and comprehensive MRI scans. Treatment of optic neuritis also involves administering high doses of corticosteroids based on the patient's condition. It is difficult for patients to manage such high doses of corticosteroids at home. Moreover, doctors need to closely monitor for any adverse reactions caused by these steroids. Therefore, hospitalization is advised for the treatment of optic neuritis, as the risks and prognosis are considerably worse without it.

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Optic neuritis hormonal side effects

Optic neuritis is a demyelinating disease caused by an inflammatory response, a disorder resulting from an immune dysfunction of the body. Thus, corticosteroids play a critical role in its treatment, and are widely used clinically. However, corticosteroids also have some side effects, such as causing osteoporosis, decalcification, and even necrosis of the femoral head, leading to significant obesity in patients due to redistribution of some fats, resulting in conditions like moon face and buffalo hump, and other adverse reactions including acne. Additionally, corticosteroids can have stimulating effects, potentially causing symptoms like insomnia and tachycardia; they also have gastrointestinal side effects, leading to acute ulcers and gastric mucosal lesions.

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Acupuncture treatment for optic neuritis

Optic neuritis is generally caused by demyelinating diseases, which are commonly seen in neurology such as multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica. These conditions affect the function of the optic nerve, leading to a noticeable decline in the patient's vision. In addition to the use of high doses of steroids during the acute phase of treatment, ophthalmology can also administer corticosteroids via retrobulbar injection for corresponding treatment, along with some immunomodulatory therapies. In the field of traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture treatment is advocated for vision impairment caused by optic neuritis. Studies suggest that acupuncture can help improve vision recovery and is effective in improving the active vision of the eyeball. This treatment can generally continue from two weeks to about two months. Many patients report that acupuncture treatment tends to have a relatively good prognosis. Hence, apart from pharmacological treatments, acupuncture can be utilized as an adjunct therapy for optic neuritis.

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Written by Zhang Hui

Neurology

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What tests are done for optic neuritis?

Optic neuritis is generally caused by demyelinating diseases, including common conditions such as neuromyelitis optica, multiple sclerosis, and retrobulbar neuritis. These diseases can severely impact the patient's vision and create significant burdens. Typically, examinations of the optic nerve are required, covering several aspects. First, an examination of the fundus is necessary, generally using an ophthalmoscope or other devices to observe the optic disc and surrounding blood vessels, which is very important. Second, a visual evoked potential test can be conducted. This test helps assess whether there is damage to the optic nerve and the severity of the damage. Third, it is necessary to complete an MRI of the optic nerve. Evaluations might include a lumbar puncture to analyze cerebrospinal fluid, and complete tests related to water channels, protein antibodies, oligoclonal bands, etc., to help confirm the diagnosis.

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Written by Zhang Hui

Neurology

1min 3sec

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How is optic neuritis diagnosed?

Optic neuritis is classified as an ophthalmological or neurological disorder, caused by demyelination of the central nervous system. Diagnosis of this condition is crucial, and the following tests are recommended: Firstly, visual evoked potentials should be performed. This test can clearly show the corresponding lesions in the optic nerve. Secondly, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the optic nerve is needed. MRI can reveal changes in the optic nerve, such as thickening and edema. Thirdly, some blood tests related to bleeding should be conducted. Specifically, testing for aquaporin-4 antibodies to determine if it is neuromyelitis optica. Additionally, a lumbar puncture is also necessary. This primarily aims to check for demyelination markers, such as oligoclonal bands. Once optic neuritis is diagnosed, timely treatment is required, mainly using corticosteroids or intravenous immunoglobulin.

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Written by Zhang Hui

Neurology

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Foods to avoid with optic neuritis

Optic neuritis usually causes a decline in the patient's vision, with noticeable decrease in either unilateral or bilateral vision. Commonly seen in clinical practice are simple optic neuritis, as well as optic neuritis caused by multiple sclerosis, and optic nerve pathology caused by neuromyelitis optica. Essentially, optic neuritis is an autoimmune disease, primarily caused by the demyelination of the optic nerve. In terms of diet, there are certain foods to avoid. First, spicy and stimulating foods. These types of food can disrupt the body's immune function, causing vascular nerve congestion, which is detrimental to the recovery of optic neuritis. Second, overly greasy foods. Foods that are too greasy can also affect the blood supply to the nerves, prolonging the recovery time of optic neuritis.