Can trichiasis be treated without surgery?

Written by Wang Fang
Ophthalmology
Updated on September 09, 2024
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Whether surgery is needed for inverted eyelashes depends on the specific situation. If it is just one or a few eyelashes irritating the eyeball and the symptoms are not significant, you can choose the local electrolysis method to destroy the hair follicles of these eyelashes, preventing their regrowth. This will not affect the appearance and can fundamentally solve the problem. However, if there are a large number of inverted eyelashes causing significant irritation to the eyeball, surgery is recommended for correction. Without surgery, long-term irritation from the eyelashes could cause irreversible damage to the eye, such as scarring or ulcers on the cornea, which could eventually affect vision. Some patients might intermittently pull out the eyelashes, but this is not advisable, as the eyelashes will grow back.

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Written by Li Zhuo
Ophthalmology
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How to deal with inverted eyelashes

For trichiasis, it first depends on the nature of the ingrown eyelashes. If there are only a few, such as one or two, it is recommended to pluck them out. For some people, once these are plucked, the new eyelashes may grow back in the correct position, so no further treatment is necessary. If the ingrown eyelashes recur repeatedly as individual lashes, electrolysis of the hair follicle can be performed to destroy the follicle, preventing the eyelashes from growing back. However, because this is a destructive procedure, many hospitals have discontinued it, though some still offer this treatment. If there are many ingrown eyelashes, appearing in rows, the treatment depends on the position of the eyelid. Eyelash correction surgery may be necessary. Depending on the specific situation, excision of the tarsal plate to correct the trichiasis can be considered as well.

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Written by Tao Yuan
Ophthalmology
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Is it better to open the eye corner for inverted eyelashes?

Patients cannot be cured of trichiasis by undergoing canthoplasty. Symptoms of trichiasis generally do not improve after canthoplasty, as trichiasis is usually caused by the abnormal growth direction of the eyelashes at the edge of the eyelid towards the cornea, or by spasm of the orbicularis oculi muscle, causing the eyelid edge to roll towards the eyeball. Trichiasis can injure the corneal tissue, leading to eye congestion, redness, foreign body sensation, pain, photophobia, and tearing. For a small amount of trichiasis, the lashes can be plucked with tweezers, but this often recurs. If trichiasis recurs frequently, electrolysis treatment can be performed to destroy the follicles growing the ingrown lashes, thereby minimizing recurrence. For a large amount of trichiasis caused by entropion, surgical treatment is needed to correct the entropion for a cure.

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Written by Wang Fang
Ophthalmology
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Will trichiasis cause the eyes to tear?

Trichiasis can cause the eyes to tear. Patients with trichiasis exhibit significant tearing symptoms because the cornea is rich in nerve endings and is very sensitive to foreign stimuli. In trichiasis, the eyelashes poke and irritate the cornea, thus stimulating the nerve endings and causing reflex tearing. Therefore, patients with trichiasis should be treated promptly to avoid irreversible damage to the cornea, such as scars or corneal ulcers. For minor trichiasis, local electrolysis can be used to destroy the hair follicles so they no longer grow; for more severe cases, it is recommended to visit a hospital for surgical correction of the trichiasis.

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Written by Tao Yuan
Ophthalmology
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Why did a trichiasis suddenly grow?

A sudden formation of an ingrown eyelash is usually due to chronic inflammation in the eyelid margin area, which causes abnormalities in the eyelash follicles. Consequently, the direction of the eyelash growth no longer points straight forward but instead grows toward the eyeball. As the eyeball moves and blinks, the eyelash rubs against the corneal epithelium, causing noticeable symptoms such as a foreign body sensation, stabbing pain, congestion, redness, photophobia, tearing, and a decline in vision. One can visit the ophthalmology department of a hospital for a face-to-face examination and confirmation of the condition. Removing the ingrown eyelash can alleviate the symptoms, but recurrence is possible. If it recurs repeatedly, electrolysis treatment for ingrown eyelashes can be considered. This involves inserting a specially designed probe deep into the follicle of the ingrown eyelash and then passing an electric current through it. The electric current will destroy the follicle of the ingrown eyelash, making it less likely to recur.

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Written by Li Zhen Dong
Ophthalmology
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What will happen if trichiasis is not treated?

If trichiasis is not treated and allowed to progress, it can cause damage to the conjunctiva and the cornea. Particularly, corneal damage can lead to keratitis and corneal neovascularization, severely affecting vision and the transparency of the cornea. During treatment, if scarring occurs, such as thin corneal opacities, plaques, or leukomas, it can severely affect vision, and even lead to blindness. Therefore, while trichiasis itself is not severe, not treating it can lead to serious consequences. Currently, the main treatments for trichiasis include electrolysis of the eyelashes and surgical treatment, along with the use of eye drops, which generally results in a quick recovery.