Severe pancreatitis diagnostic criteria

Written by Wang Li Bing
Intensive Care Medicine Department
Updated on September 24, 2024
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Diagnostic criteria for severe pancreatitis:

First, based on the patient's clinical symptoms, symptoms such as restlessness, cold limbs, and mottled skin, indicative of shock, may appear.

Second, physical examination signs, such as rigid abdominal muscles indicative of a positive peritoneal irritation sign, and Grey Turner's sign may also be present.

Third, according to laboratory tests, the calcium levels generally significantly decrease, usually below 2 mmol/L, and elevated blood sugar levels greater than 11.2 mmol/L, typically without a history of diabetes. There may also be a sudden decrease in urine amylase.

Fourth, diagnostic abdominal paracentesis reveals ascitic fluid with high amylase activity.

Based on these points, severe pancreatitis can be considered.

Other Voices

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Rescue of severe pancreatitis

Severe pancreatitis involves severe illness impacting multiple systems and organs across the body. The rescue of severe pancreatitis should be based in the ICU, with multidisciplinary cooperation. The first step is early fluid resuscitation, with crystalloid solution preferred, and it should be rapidly completed within 48 hours of onset. The second step involves support for circulation and respiration. The third step involves the maintenance of organ functions and the use of blood purification treatments. Early use of blood purification in acute pancreatitis can remove inflammatory mediators, regulate immune dysfunctions, and protect organ functions, potentially extending the survival time of patients with severe pancreatitis. The fourth step includes monitoring intra-abdominal pressure and preventing and treating abdominal compartment syndrome. Further treatments mainly include the use of agents to inhibit pancreatic enzymes and platelet activation, as well as early jejunal nutrition. Additionally, prophylactic use of antibiotics is required, and in cases of biliary acute pancreatitis, ERCP or sphincterotomy should be performed. The final approach is surgical treatment, which is reserved for patients who do not respond to or have poor results from conservative treatment.

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Severe pancreatitis is what disease

Acute severe pancreatitis is a disease caused by various etiologies, characterized by local necrosis, inflammation, and infection of the pancreas, accompanied by systemic inflammatory response and persistent organ failure. The current mortality rate is still as high as 17%. The course of acute severe pancreatitis can generally be divided into three periods. First, the acute response period, occurring up to about two weeks after onset, is characterized by a systemic inflammatory response. Second, the systemic infection period, from two weeks to about two months, is characterized by infection of pancreatic or peripancreatic necrosis. Third, the residual infection period, occurring two to three months later, where the main clinical manifestation is systemic malnutrition.

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Which department should I go to for acute pancreatitis?

If acute pancreatitis occurs, it is recommended to register with the Department of Gastroenterology. Acute pancreatitis is generally divided into acute edematous pancreatitis and acute necrotizing pancreatitis. The common form of pancreatitis in daily life is acute edematous pancreatitis, which can be treated conservatively with medication in the gastroenterology department. If acute necrotizing pancreatitis occurs, surgery may be required. In such cases, after registering with the gastroenterology department and identifying a severe condition, an appropriate transfer to another department for treatment can be made. After all, when initially arriving at the hospital, without a detailed examination, it is unclear whether it is edematous or necrotic pancreatitis.

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What fruits can you eat with pancreatitis?

Patients with pancreatitis can eat some mild fruits, such as apples, bananas, peaches, kiwis, and strawberries. It is best to avoid more acidic fruits like oranges, lemons, and hawthorns. For cooler fruits, they can be soaked in warm water for a certain period before eating. Also, regardless of the type of food, fruit, or daily diet, it is important not to overeat.

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How to check for pancreatitis?

Pancreatitis can cause acute abdominal pain, along with symptoms of nausea and vomiting, and severe cases can lead to hypotensive shock. In laboratory tests, the diagnosis is generally made by assessing serum or urine amylase levels. An amylase level that exceeds three times the normal value can diagnose pancreatitis. Additionally, ultrasound and CT scans can reveal an enlarged or exuding pancreas, and the presence of a small amount of fat necrosis around the pancreas can be diagnosed as pancreatitis. The onset time of serum amylase in pancreatitis varies; typically, serum amylase begins to increase between 6 and 12 hours and starts to decline after 48 hours, and can be detected within 3 to 5 days. Lipase levels typically start to rise between 24 to 72 hours and remain elevated longer, up to 7 to 10 days. Thus, lipase has diagnostic value for later stages of pancreatitis and tends to have higher specificity compared to amylase.