What does rubella virus mean?

Written by Xiong Hong Hai
Infectious Disease
Updated on September 30, 2024
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Rubella virus is the pathogen of rubella, belonging to single-stranded positive-sense RNA viruses. Rubella virus can easily cause vertical transmission. If pregnant women are infected with rubella virus in the early stages of pregnancy, it may enter the fetus through the placental barrier, leading to stillbirth, miscarriage, or fetal deformities. The survival ability of rubella virus outside the human body is relatively weak. It is very sensitive to ultraviolet light, ether, and common disinfectants, which can generally kill the virus. After infection with rubella virus, the disease is self-limiting, and most cases can recover on their own in about two weeks, primarily through symptomatic treatment.

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Is there a difference between urticaria and rubella?

Urticaria and rubella are quite different; rubella is a contagious disease caused by a viral infection, commonly seen in children. It can be transmitted through droplets and contact, and symptomatic treatment is usually adopted. In contrast, urticaria is an allergic skin disease with a still unclear and complex etiology, often treated with anti-allergy methods.

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Rubella is caused by the rubella virus.

Measles is a contagious disease, mainly caused by infection with the rubella virus. Rubella can be transmitted through the air, droplets, and respiratory paths, and can also be spread by ordinary contact between people. There are large amounts of rubella virus in the saliva of patients with rubella, and when they talk, cough, or sneeze, droplets carrying the virus are produced. People with low immunity who inhale these droplets can become infected. Rubella is an acute self-limiting disease, and currently, there are no specific antiviral drugs available. Many patients can fully recover in about two weeks.

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The impact of rubella virus on the fetus

During pregnancy, if the pregnant woman is infected with the rubella virus, the impact on the pregnant woman herself is not significant; however, it primarily causes severe effects on the fetus. The main impact on the fetus is congenital damage, primarily involving congenital developmental abnormalities, with the early stages of pregnancy being the most critical. This period is a crucial phase of fetal development. If infected with the rubella virus, the risk coefficient can be as high as 80%. After intrauterine infection of the fetus, some patients may develop congenital rubella syndrome, primarily involving cardiac defects, cataracts, deafness, and even delayed brain damage after the baby is born.

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Rubella virus antibody is associated with rubella.

Rubella antibodies include rubella IgG and rubella IgM. Through the testing of rubella antibodies along with the patient's clinical symptoms, many cases can be diagnosed. If rubella is definitively diagnosed, it generally requires appropriate isolation. Patients with mild conditions usually do not need hospitalization and can isolate at home. The main treatment is symptomatic management; generally, no medication is needed if there are no obvious symptoms, and complete recovery can be expected in about two weeks. If there are symptoms like fever and pain, medications such as antipyretic analgesics and pain relievers can be used for treatment and management, and a real-time assessment should be made based on the actual situation.

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Is the rubella virus easily contagious?

Rubella virus is relatively easy to contract. It can be transmitted through airborne droplets or through contact between people, so it's best to isolate oneself during an infection. Currently, there is no specific antiviral treatment for rubella; management typically involves symptomatic treatment. Many patients with mild conditions can recover completely in about two weeks without treatment. Generally, the infection does not recur, and one usually gains immunity, preventing re-infection. After recovering from rubella, there are generally no significant sequelae.