How is Hodgkin's lymphoma treated?

Written by Liu Liang
Oncology
Updated on December 12, 2024
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The treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma is based on various factors including the stage of the disease as well as the general condition of the patient, among other comprehensive considerations. For patients with early stage Hodgkin's lymphoma, commonly referred to as localized Hodgkin's lymphoma, the treatment principle is a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. A rational comprehensive treatment can achieve a five-year survival rate of 80% to 90%. For advanced-stage patients, such as those with stage IV Hodgkin's lymphoma, the treatment primarily consists of systemic chemotherapy. Therefore, the choice of a specific treatment plan must also consider a variety of factors based on the patient's overall condition.

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Lymphoma has what manifestations?

The symptoms of lymphoma, simply put, are that some people feel a lump on their neck or in their armpit; it starts as a sudden appearance of a swelling that gets larger over time, sometimes not just one, but multiple lumps clustered together. This is indeed the most common symptom, where one can feel something on their neck, including under the jaw or the chin, noticing suddenly a nodule has formed, whether it's the size of a chicken egg or otherwise. That's one aspect. The second involves systemic symptoms, which primarily include fever, night sweats, and weight loss. These three symptoms are quite common.

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Is lymphoma a cancer?

Cancer actually refers to malignant tumors. Malignant tumors are named differently based on their site of origin. For example, those originating from epithelial tissue are called carcinomas, such as lung cancer, liver cancer, colon cancer, etc. Lymphoma refers to a malignant tumor originating from lymph nodes or tissues or organs outside the lymph nodes, which we call lymphoma. There are also some malignant tumors originating from mesenchymal tissue, which we call sarcomas. Therefore, lymphoma is also a malignant tumor and is considered a type of cancer.

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Symptoms of Lymphoma

The symptoms of lymphoma mostly present as painless enlarged superficial lymph nodes, which are common clinical manifestations. Additionally, there may be enlargement of the liver and spleen, with multiple organs throughout the body possibly affected. In advanced stages, patients may experience invasion of the bone marrow. There are also special types of extranodal lymphomas which exhibit specific symptoms. For instance, lymphomas originating in the stomach may present with upper abdominal masses, or symptoms like anemia, weight loss, black stools, and even upper abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting related to the gastrointestinal tract. If the lymphoma originates in the nasal cavity, known as NK/T-cell lymphoma, symptoms may include tinnitus, nasal congestion, runny nose, and nosebleeds, among others. Some lymphoma patients may also experience fever, generalized weakness, weight loss, collectively referred to as B symptoms.

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Lymphoma rash symptoms

The rash associated with lymphoma is not much different from common rashes; they are both characterized by red papules. However, lymphoma is not an isolated disease. For instance, in patients, one can feel lumps on the neck or upper clavicle area, but they may also exhibit systemic symptoms such as fever, night sweats, weight loss, fatigue, lack of appetite, anemia, chest pain, and other symptoms because it is a systemic disease. Thus, it may cause these systemic symptoms. The rash can also cause itching of the skin.

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Is lymphoma contagious?

Current research has not found lymphoma to have a very clear genetic predisposition or familial clustering. This is entirely different from familial breast cancer and colon cancer. Although there are many causes of lymphoma, and it is likely related to certain bacterial and viral infections, the mechanism of tumor occurrence is very complex. Infection is only one of the external factors, and currently, there is no evidence that lymphoma has tendencies for contagion or outbreaks. Therefore, as a relative of a lymphoma patient, the risk of developing lymphoma is not significantly higher than that of the general population, so there is no need for excessive worry.