Symptoms of acute gastroenteritis

Written by Jiang Guo Ming
Gastroenterology
Updated on September 02, 2024
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The symptoms of acute gastroenteritis depend on the cause, including gastroenteritis caused by a stomach flu or bacterial infection. The symptoms of gastroenteritis from a stomach flu usually include fever, chills, dizziness, fatigue, body aches, stomach pain, diarrhea with watery stools, sometimes accompanied by vomiting and bloating. Routine stool tests often show no significant abnormalities. Acute gastroenteritis caused by bacterial infection typically manifests as stomach pain and diarrhea, accompanied by fever and chills, with stools that are mucous in nature. Routine stool tests often reveal the presence of white blood cells, pus cells, or phagocytes, and a routine blood test may indicate an increased white blood cell count. Treatment methods vary and generally involve symptomatic treatment, which usually leads to gradual relief.

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Written by Yan Xin Liang
Pediatrics
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What to do if a child has gastroenteritis?

For children with gastroenteritis, we first treat the gut with probiotics, such as oral bifidobacterium or lactobacillus acidophilus. Then, we can provide gastrointestinal mucosal protectants, such as montmorillonite powder. At the same time, since gastroenteritis may cause dehydration and electrolyte disorders, it is necessary to replenish fluids and electrolytes, commonly using oral rehydration salts. If the gastroenteritis is suspected to be caused by a viral infection, some antiviral medications should be taken orally. If it is considered to be caused by a bacterial infection, oral antibiotics for anti-infection treatment, such as cephalosporins or penicillins, should be administered.

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Written by Jiang Guo Ming
Gastroenterology
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How to stop diarrhea in acute gastroenteritis

First of all, start with diet and daily habits by paying attention to keeping warm and avoiding catching a cold, especially for patients with gastrointestinal-type colds. The diet should consist of light and easy-to-digest foods, such as porridge and soft noodles, with some salt added to replenish electrolytes. Avoid eating foods that are too cold or greasy and spicy. Regarding medication, different treatments should be adopted according to different causes of the disease. For patients with gastrointestinal-type colds caused by viral infections, antiviral and astringent antidiarrheal medications are generally used. If the infection is caused by improper diet, the main treatment involves anti-inflammatory medications to achieve hemostasis.

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Written by Zhu Dan Hua
Gastroenterology
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How long does acute gastroenteritis take to heal?

The natural course of acute gastroenteritis is about one to two weeks, so it is recommended that patients undergo regular treatment. Acute gastroenteritis is commonly seen in clinical practice, with patients generally presenting with abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and abnormal stools. The main manifestation of stool abnormalities is an increase in the frequency of bowel movements, appearing as diarrhea, with the stools being watery. Additionally, patients may experience some fever and chills. Given the symptoms of acute gastroenteritis and its short duration, it is generally considered to be caused by viral or bacterial infections. Therefore, treatment can involve the use of anti-infective medications in small doses, especially when the patient has a fever. Other medications can include acid suppressants, mucosal protectants, antidiarrheals, and those affecting the intestinal flora, so the treatment generally has a good effect. Patients need not worry too much, and we adhere to a 1-2 week treatment period. (Medication should be taken under the guidance of a doctor.)

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Written by Du Rui Xia
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What should pregnant women do about gastroenteritis?

During pregnancy, if a pregnant woman experiences gastrointestinal inflammation, it can cause abdominal pain and diarrhea, mostly due to unhygienic dietary habits during pregnancy. For example, aside from avoiding raw, hard, or moldy foods, attention should be paid to adjusting the diet to include foods that are bland and easier to digest and absorb. For instance, consuming porridge such as millet porridge, soft noodles, etc., and moderately increasing the intake of fresh vegetables and fruits to enhance physical health. If the gastrointestinal inflammation leads to severe abdominal pain or diarrhea, it is necessary to go to the hospital promptly. After examination by a doctor, guided medication treatment should be carried out.

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Written by Jiang Guo Ming
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Acute gastroenteritis requires medication.

The drug treatment for acute gastroenteritis should be based on the specific cause. If it is a viral infection that causes gastroenteritis, it can generally be treated with oral antiviral drugs and astringent antidiarrheal drugs to achieve good therapeutic effects. If it is caused by improper food intake and bacterial infection, it usually requires the use of antibacterial drugs, such as cephalosporins or quinolones for anti-inflammatory purposes. If diarrhea is severe, appropriate antidiarrheal drugs can be taken for symptomatic treatment. At the same time, attention should be paid to a light and easily digestible diet, avoiding raw, greasy, spicy food and alcohol, which can generally relieve symptoms gradually.