How come hemorrhoids bleed?

Written by Zhang Peng
General Surgery
Updated on December 01, 2024
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In this case, it depends on the cause of the hemorrhoids. In general, the most common cause of hemorrhoids is varicose veins around the rectal veins, which can be caused by obstructed venous return. Generally, there are no corresponding venous valves around the upper rectal veins, and the veins or small vein walls of hemorrhoids are very thin. In the case of hemorrhoidal venous varicose, if the stool is relatively dry, it is easy to cause the veins to rupture and bleed during defecation. This type of bleeding is generally painless, and the bleeding can stop on its own, usually being bright red blood. Due to high local pressure, some people may experience significant bleeding, or even show signs of shock. In this case, surgical treatment measures must be taken to achieve radical cure.

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Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
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What's causing hemorrhoids to itch?

Hemorrhoids cause secretions to flow out from within the anal canal, particularly in the case of internal hemorrhoids. When severe, these secretions can flow outside the anus due to changes in the position of the anus or the patient's body, irritating the local skin and mucosa around the anus, thus leading to symptoms of itching. Additionally, with repeated prolapse of internal hemorrhoids, the mucosa may get trapped at the anal opening and cannot retract normally, also causing irritating itching and possibly even pain and bleeding due to repeated friction. To treat the itching from hemorrhoids, it is first necessary to alleviate the increased secretion from internal hemorrhoids. Options include using anti-inflammatory suppositories or gels, and washing the anal area with saline water or herbal washes that have antipruritic effects.

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Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
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Where to apply moxibustion for hemorrhoidal bleeding?

It is not recommended to use moxibustion treatment when hemorrhoids bleed. This is because moxibustion involves local heat effects that can lead to further congestion and swelling of the local mucosa. Additionally, mugwort, usually used in moxibustion, has properties that can stimulate blood circulation and regulate menstruation, which could potentially worsen local bleeding if used for treatment. Therefore, the primary treatment for bleeding hemorrhoids should be oral hemostatic drugs, and surgery should be performed as soon as possible for ligation to stop the bleeding. Moxibustion treatment is not recommended as it may delay the condition, possibly leading to increased bleeding and the risk of anemia. Hemorrhoid hemostatic drugs can include oral medications that clear heat, cool the blood, and detoxify to stop bleeding. Topical application of hemorrhoid cream to press and stop bleeding can also be used concurrently. If the bleeding is severe or prolonged, it is advisable to undergo surgical treatment directly.

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Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
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Hemorrhoids bleeding examination what

Hemorrhoid bleeding is mainly due to the rupture of local hemorrhoid mucosa or bleeding from local small arteries caused by repetitive friction and irritation. If the mucosa bleeds, the bleeding generally manifests as minor seepage; however, if small arteries rupture, the bleeding appears as dripping or squirting. To examine hemorrhoid bleeding, an anal digital examination and an anoscopy must be conducted to determine the exact location of the bleeding and the amount of blood loss. Based on the examination results, an appropriate treatment plan can be selected. For minor bleeding, local application of hemostatic creams or oral hemostatic medications can be considered. If the bleeding is more significant, appearing as dripping or squirting arterial pulsatile bleeding, it is recommended to perform ligation to stop the bleeding.

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Written by Zhang Da Wei
General Surgery
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What should be avoided in the diet for hemorrhoids with bleeding?

Hemorrhoids presenting with rectal bleeding is a rather typical symptom. This condition definitely requires dietary restrictions because dietary irritants can potentially worsen bleeding. Thus, it's essential to avoid certain foods both during an episode and as a precautionary measure. It is generally advised to steer clear of cold and spicy foods, as these can stimulate the intestines and potentially exacerbate bleeding. In cases where bleeding is more pronounced, a bland diet is usually recommended. Other stimulating foods should also be avoided to prevent aggravating the condition. Of course, dietary restrictions are not only essential during symptomatic periods but also as a preventive measure regularly to effectively prevent recurrent episodes of hemorrhoids.

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Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
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Do hemorrhoids require surgery?

When severe hemorrhoids are in an acute attack phase, it is necessary to undergo surgical treatment as soon as possible. Besides surgery, treatment options for hemorrhoids also include conservative medication to alleviate symptoms. For mild hemorrhoids, or those that flare up less frequently, the primary treatment is conservative topical medication. However, when hemorrhoids repeatedly prolapse, cause pain, and result in significant rectal bleeding, affecting the normal functioning of the patient’s body, it is advised to promptly proceed with hemorrhoidectomy surgery. This helps avoid complications such as severe pain that interferes with normal living, or significant bleeding that could lead to anemia in patients, thereby worsening the condition and increasing the difficulty of future treatments. (Please use medication under the guidance of a professional physician, and do not self-medicate.)