Upper gastrointestinal bleeding examination methods

Written by Wang Li Bing
Intensive Care Medicine Department
Updated on September 18, 2024
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Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is relatively common in clinical practice. The main diagnostic methods include gastroscopy, barium meal examination of the gastrointestinal tract, and DS imaging of the gastrointestinal tract, among others. If a patient experiences a large amount of bleeding at a rapid pace after upper gastrointestinal bleeding, it can lead to a drop in blood volume and hypovolemic shock, which can be life-threatening. In such cases, it is crucial to seek prompt medical treatment and use hemostatic drugs, and even endoscopic hemostasis or surgical intervention may be necessary to actively save the patient's life.

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Written by Zhu Dan Hua
Gastroenterology
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Emergency measures for upper gastrointestinal bleeding

The treatment of upper gastrointestinal bleeding temporarily focuses on fasting and symptomatic fluid replacement. If the patient exhibits significant anemia, actively transfusing red blood cells to correct the anemia is advised. It is recommended that the patient rests in bed, with heart monitoring, blood pressure, and pulse being monitored. As for medications, acid-suppressing, stomach-protecting, and hemostatic drugs may initially be chosen for observation. Once the vital signs and condition have stabilized, it is important to promptly complete routine blood tests, electrocardiograms, and gastroscopy. Among these, gastroscopy is the most crucial diagnostic method, as it can clarify the cause and nature of the bleeding, such as gastric ulcer bleeding, gastric cancer bleeding, etc. Treatment plans vary depending on the cause; if the bleeding is suspected to be due to peptic ulcer disease, medication support is generally the first choice. If the bleeding is suspected to be from malignant transformation of gastric cancer, surgical intervention is typically necessary.

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Written by Wang Li Bing
Intensive Care Medicine Department
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Which department should I go to for upper gastrointestinal bleeding?

The upper gastrointestinal system primarily refers to bleeding from the digestive system above the Treitz ligament. Therefore, if there is acute massive bleeding in the digestive tract, patients may present with symptoms such as vomiting blood and black stools. If the bleeding is significant and blood volume rapidly decreases, it can cause acute peripheral circulatory disorders, and may even be life-threatening. The causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding include long-standing conditions like peptic ulcers, rupture of esophagogastric varices, acute erosive hemorrhagic gastritis, and stomach cancer, among others. If upper gastrointestinal bleeding occurs, patients should actively seek medical attention at major hospitals' gastroenterology departments, undergo relevant examinations, and receive prompt treatment.

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Written by Wang Li Bing
Intensive Care Medicine Department
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What to eat when there is upper gastrointestinal bleeding?

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is relatively common in clinical practice. Its main causes include bleeding from gastroduodenal ulcers, rupture of esophagogastric varices, and bleeding caused by gastric cancer, among others. When upper gastrointestinal bleeding occurs, it is crucial to seek medical attention promptly. After systematic treatment, if the symptoms of bleeding are controlled, the patient can then consume small amounts of clear broth and thin porridge, and gradually transition back to a normal diet. However, the patient should avoid spicy and irritating foods to prevent the recurrence of gastrointestinal bleeding.

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Written by Wang Li Bing
Intensive Care Medicine Department
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Common Causes of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding

The common causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding mainly include the following points: First, esophageal diseases, such as esophagitis, Mallory-Weiss syndrome. Secondly, peptic ulcers, gastric cancer, acute erosive hemorrhagic gastritis, and then esophageal gastric variceal rupture caused by portal hypertension. There are also diseases of neighboring organs or tissues of the upper digestive tract, such as biliary bleeding, pancreatic diseases involving the duodenum, such as pancreatic cancer, acute pancreatitis complicated by abscess rupture and bleeding. Additionally, there are systemic diseases, such as allergic purpura, hemophilia, leukemia, etc.

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Written by Wang Li Bing
Intensive Care Medicine Department
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The most common cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding

Upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is very common in clinical settings, and the main causes of upper GI bleeding include the following: First, gastric and duodenal ulcers, esophageal diseases. Second, esophageal and gastric fundal varices rupture caused by portal hypertension. Third, diseases of organs or tissues adjacent to the upper digestive tract, such as biliary bleeding or pancreatic diseases involving the duodenum, such as pancreatic cancer, as well as aortic aneurysms breaking into the esophagus, stomach, or duodenum. Fourth, systemic diseases, such as allergic purpura, hemophilia, etc., can all lead to upper GI bleeding. After such bleeding occurs, it is essential to seek medical attention promptly.