How to Prevent and Care for Neonatal Pneumonia

Written by Zhang Xian Hua
Pediatrics
Updated on September 18, 2024
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Prevention and care of neonatal pneumonia mainly involve paying attention to the following points:

First, pay close attention to the feeding methods to prevent the child from aspirating and causing aspiration pneumonia;

Second, ensure that the baby is kept warm to prevent catching colds which could lead to secondary viral or bacterial infections, worsening the condition;

Third, be vigilant about preventing cross-infection in terms of hygiene. This includes maintaining hand hygiene and ventilating rooms frequently;

Fourth, follow the doctor's orders for treatment and medication, especially if the child has pneumonia and is usually hospitalized. If it is a mother-baby room, follow the doctor’s instructions to properly administer medication to the child to prevent aspiration during medication, which could worsen the condition.

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Written by Hu Qi Feng
Pediatrics
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How to treat neonatal pneumonia?

Neonatal Pneumonia Treatment: 1. Manage the respiratory tract by nebulization inhalation, postural drainage, regular turning and back patting to keep the airway clear and clean the oral and nasal secretions. 2. For those with hypoxemia, provide oxygen therapy, which may include nasal cannula oxygen delivery, masks, or head masks. Mechanical ventilation may be necessary if required. 3. Choose appropriate antibiotics; for bacterial infections, select sensitive antibiotics based on the type of bacteria, while antiviral drugs can be used to support treatment of viral infections. 4. Correct circulatory disturbances and electrolyte balance, control infusion rate to prevent heart failure and pulmonary edema, and ensure the supply of energy and nutrients. Immunoglobulin can be used as appropriate to boost immunity.

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Written by Gao Shan Na
Neonatology
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Is the mortality rate of neonatal pneumonia high?

Neonatal pneumonia typically refers to infectious pneumonia, which is a common disease in newborns and a significant cause of neonatal mortality. It can occur in utero, during the birth process, or after birth, caused by bacteria, viruses, or protozoa. Approximately two million children die from neonatal pneumonia worldwide each year. Therefore, once signs and symptoms of pulmonary infection are detected in a child, it is essential to seek timely medical treatment at a hospital.

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Written by Zhang Xian Hua
Pediatrics
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What tests are done at the hospital for neonatal pneumonia?

Newborns have immature tracheal functions and low immune function; once neonatal pneumonia occurs, hospitalization is definitely required. The usual tests needed include the following aspects: First, imaging tests, typically including chest X-rays or a CT scan of the lungs, are necessary to understand the extent, severity, and specific details of the lung lesions. Second, tests related to infection are needed. This generally includes complete blood counts, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, etc. In cases with significant throat phlegm, sputum culture and blood culture are also needed to identify the pathogen. Third, an assessment of the child’s tracheal function and internal environmental status is required. This typically involves blood tests for liver function, kidney function, cardiac enzymes, electrolytes, etc., to enable a comprehensive assessment and accurate treatment.

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Written by Gao Shan Na
Neonatology
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Is neonatal pneumonia serious?

Neonatal pneumonia can be mild or severe. Severe pneumonia is mainly characterized by cough, shortness of breath, significant tracheal tug signs, and some babies may have cyanosis around the lips, which indicates hypoxia. This type of pneumonia is serious and requires timely medical attention at a hospital. Common manifestations of mild pneumonia include slight shortness of breath, occasional white foam from the mouth, or some babies having phlegm sound in the throat. Chest X-rays show imaging changes in mild cases. Even with mild pneumonia, it is important to seek timely medical care and intervention to shorten the recovery time. Severe pneumonia, however, requires a longer recovery time.

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Written by Gao Shan Na
Neonatology
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Is neonatal pneumonia vomiting severe?

Some common symptoms of neonatal pneumonia include: frothy sputum, shortness of breath, cough, fever, and the three-concave sign. If the bacterial pathogen of this lung infection also affects the gastrointestinal tract, there may also be symptoms of vomiting and diarrhea. When severe pneumonia causes cyanosis and lack of oxygen in the child, accompanied by frequent vomiting and diarrhea, leading to dehydration, this type of pneumonia is quite severe and it is essential to seek timely medical treatment at a hospital.