Neonatal pneumonia, commonly referred to here, is an infectious pneumonia and a prevalent disease among newborns, also a significant cause of neonatal mortality. Its causes include intrauterine infectious pneumonia, infections during the delivery process, and postnatal infections. Treatment duration varies depending on the severity of the lung infection, the toxicity of the pathogen, and individual differences in the host response. For mild infections, the general treatment duration is seven to ten days, but for severe infections, it may extend to two to three weeks or even longer, particularly with specific pathogens.