Rehabilitation nursing for stroke patients

Written by Tang Ying
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Updated on September 16, 2024
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For the rehabilitation and nursing care of stroke patients, first and foremost, we need to monitor the patient's vital signs, food intake, sleep, as well as bowel and bladder function.

Secondly, we should pay attention to their psychological state, checking for signs of tension, anxiety, and depressive emotional reactions.

Thirdly, we encourage patients to overcome their illness and to establish confidence in their recovery.

Fourthly, we guide patients to actively engage in physical function exercises, as well as daily activities such as eating and dressing to practice their daily living skills.

Fifthly, we manage proper limb positioning and patient turning, prevent pressure sores, and also prevent a series of complications such as venous thrombosis and urinary tract infections.

Other Voices

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Written by Liu Yan Hao
Neurology
1min 3sec home-news-image

What are the types of strokes?

The common types of strokes include hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke. Hemorrhagic strokes commonly involve subarachnoid hemorrhage and intracerebral hemorrhage. Subarachnoid hemorrhage often occurs due to the rupture of cerebral aneurysms, causing blood to enter the subarachnoid space. Intracerebral hemorrhage is commonly caused by hypertension leading to the rupture of cerebral blood vessels and subsequent bleeding into the brain parenchyma. Additionally, there is ischemic stroke, commonly presenting as cerebral infarction and cerebral embolism. Cerebral embolism occurs when a blood clot from another part of the body outside the brain, following the blood circulation, blocks a cerebral vessel. Cerebral infarction happens when cerebral arteriosclerosis narrows down to a certain extent, gradually obstructing and forming cerebral infarction. These are the common types of strokes.

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Written by Zhang Hui
Neurology
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Clinical manifestations of stroke

Firstly, the patient may experience aphasia, such as not understanding others' conversations and being unable to accurately express their own opinions. Signs of facial paralysis, such as a skewed mouth, drooling, and nasolabial fold, may also appear. Secondly, limb paralysis is a common clinical symptom, generally presenting as hemiplegia. There may also be hemisensory disturbances, such as numbness on one side of the body. Thirdly, patients may experience a decline in cognitive functions, exhibiting slow reactions, reduced memory capabilities, and decreased computational skills. If a stroke affects the posterior circulation, the patient may experience symptoms such as dizziness, double vision, and hemianopia.

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Written by Tang Bo
Neurology
1min 12sec home-news-image

Common clinical manifestations of stroke

Stroke includes ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke, also known as cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage. The clinical manifestations of cerebral infarction depend on the location of the occlusion, and may vary accordingly. Common symptoms include slurred speech and limb weakness. It generally occurs acutely, and may also include memory decline or a series of other symptoms depending on the specific location of the occlusion. If these symptoms occur, it is crucial to seek medical attention immediately, as there is an opportunity for thrombolytic treatment within 4.5 hours. In the case of cerebral hemorrhage, patients may experience symptoms during physical activity, possibly accompanied by severe headaches, as well as symptoms of neurological deficits such as unclear speech, limb weakness, or other symptoms. Seizures may also occur. It is essential to visit the hospital immediately if these symptoms appear. If cerebral hemorrhage is confirmed, the decision for surgical treatment depends on the amount of bleeding.

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Written by Zhang Hui
Neurology
1min 12sec home-news-image

What is a stroke?

Stroke primarily refers to cerebrovascular disease. Acute onset of stroke usually presents with focal neurological deficits, mainly divided into ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. Ischemic stroke, primarily referring to cerebral infarction, occurs due to an interruption in the blood supply to the brain, causing vessel occlusion and resulting in various clinical syndromes. Clinically, it presents rapidly with symptoms such as limb paralysis, slurred speech, and facial drooping. The pathogenesis of ischemic stroke is caused by central arteriosclerosis of large vessels. Additionally, stroke also includes cerebral embolism, mainly referring to atrial fibrillation-induced emboli from wall-attached thrombi, and other foreign bodies causing embolic blockage, leading to necrosis of brain tissue. Stroke also encompasses hemorrhagic stroke, with a typical condition being cerebral hemorrhage, which is due to long-term hypertension causing hyaline degeneration of the small arterial walls, eventually leading to necrosis and rupture with bleeding, resulting in neurological deficits.

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Written by Tang Ying
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
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Treatment of urinary retention in stroke patients

In cases of urinary retention after a stroke, some patients experience this due to psychological factors, concerns, and the sudden need to remain in bed, making it difficult to urinate in bed since they cannot stand or squat. Therefore, the first step is to alleviate psychological factors, provide patient communication and counseling, and perform massages around the navel and abdomen, along with heat treatments, to help patients urinate on their own. In a second scenario, where the patient's condition is severe or even comatose, and they have difficulty urinating, a catheter can be placed. It's important to first try to rule out a urinary tract infection, collect a midstream urine sample for analysis, and ensure the catheter is not left in longer than necessary. Once the patient's condition improves or they regain consciousness, the catheter should be removed promptly to avoid any urinary tract infections.