Can a festering wound lead to tetanus?

Written by He Zong Quan
General Surgery
Updated on March 05, 2025
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Wound suppuration and contracting tetanus are two different concepts. Wound suppuration primarily occurs when there is an infection at the wound site, which spreads due to lack of significant control over the infection focus. We need to actively locate the infection source, perform thorough surgical debridement and drainage, use sensitive antibiotics as needed globally, and change dressings in a timely manner to manage the infection. Tetanus, on the other hand, is typically considered when the wound is too deep and visibly contaminated, often by rusty, sharp objects causing the infection. In such cases, thorough surgical cleansing of the wound is essential to prevent surface contamination, along with the systemic use of tetanus antitoxin to reduce or prevent a tetanus infection.

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Written by Zhang Peng
General Surgery
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How long does the tetanus shot last?

The duration of the effectiveness of a tetanus shot depends on whether tetanus antitoxin or tetanus immunoglobulin is administered following a suspected tetanus infection. Both types are forms of artificial passive immunity, providing immediate specific immunity after injection, mainly for treatment or emergency prevention. The metabolism and immune duration of these two injections vary: generally, tetanus antitoxin lasts about seven days, while tetanus immunoglobulin can last up to three weeks. Therefore, the specific duration of the effectiveness of a tetanus shot must be determined based on the individual injection circumstances. For suspected tetanus infections, it is generally advised to administer the injection as soon as possible. It's not that the injection will be ineffective if administered after a certain time, but rather that effective prevention before the onset of the disease can still be beneficial.

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Written by Gao Sen
General Surgery
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What are the complications of tetanus?

The main complications of tetanus primarily include suffocation, atelectasis, and pulmonary infections. Patients with severe conditions should have a tracheotomy performed as soon as possible to improve ventilation and clear the respiratory tract secretions. At the same time, artificial assisted breathing can be conducted, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy can be used as an adjunctive treatment. Care during tracheotomy should focus on airway management, including airway nebulization, humidification, flushing, and prevention of pressure sores, utilizing strict aseptic techniques to prevent cross-infection and subsequent pulmonary infections. Antibiotics should be selected based on the type of bacteria, and dedicated personnel should be assigned for nursing to prevent injuries from biting the tongue.

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Written by Zhang Da Wei
General Surgery
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How long should you avoid certain foods after getting a tetanus shot?

Tetanus antitoxin medication serves a preventative function and is commonly used as a vaccine. Receiving a tetanus shot is essentially aimed at preventing infections from the tetanus bacterium. Generally, there are dietary restrictions to follow after getting the shot. The effect of this medication typically lasts about a week, during which it is necessary to observe these dietary restrictions. It is usually advisable to avoid spicy or cold foods, such as chili peppers, beef, lamb, dog meat, or seafood. These should be eaten sparingly or avoided altogether. Otherwise, these spicy foods might directly affect the efficacy of the tetanus antitoxin. In such cases, the prevention of tetanus infections could be significantly reduced, thereby increasing the likelihood of contracting tetanus bacterium.

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Written by Li Xiao Lin
Emergency Department
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Is mild tetanus easy to treat?

Mild tetanus is easy to treat. Mild tetanus presents with slight twitching, numbness in the limbs, and stiffness, with shallow impairment of consciousness and shorter duration of convulsions. Appropriate sedatives or antiepileptic drugs such as midazolam or phenobarbital sodium can be used to control symptoms. Treatment with penicillin to combat tetanus bacillus also yields good results. Additionally, it is important to rest often, avoid excessive fatigue, drink plenty of water, and consume fresh vegetables and fruits. Avoid spicy and irritating foods. (Please use medications under the guidance of a doctor.)

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Written by Ai Bing Quan
General Surgery
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chances of a person getting tetanus

Tetanus is a special type of infection that can enter the human body through skin, mucous membranes, or wounds and grows and reproduces in anaerobic conditions. The likelihood of a tetanus infection depends mainly on the depth and size of the wound, as well as what caused the wound. If the wound was caused by rusty nails or unclean sharp objects, and is both deep and large, the possibility of developing a tetanus infection is higher. Conversely, smaller or superficial wounds caused by relatively clean sharp objects are less likely to result in a tetanus infection.