How long does a tetanus shot last?

Written by Zhang Peng
General Surgery
Updated on October 25, 2024
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Regarding how long a tetanus shot lasts, it depends on which type has been administered. Generally, there are two types of tetanus injections: tetanus immunoglobulin and tetanus antitoxin. Typically, doctors perform a skin test before administering the tetanus antitoxin; if the patient has a positive skin test and cannot tolerate desensitization treatment, tetanus immunoglobulin can be administered instead. These two medications have different metabolic times and their preventive effects vary. The metabolic time for tetanus antitoxin is generally one week, whereas for tetanus immunoglobulin, it can last about 28 days. Therefore, how long a tetanus shot lasts depends on the specific circumstances of the patient’s injection.

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Written by Tang Da Wei
General Surgery
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Will a lacerated wound lead to tetanus?

Tetanus is usually caused by an infection with Clostridium tetani. As Clostridium tetani are anaerobic bacteria, they proliferate extensively in an oxygen-free environment. If a wound is small and shallow, and completely open to air, it is generally not susceptible to tetanus infection. However, if the wound is deep and the external opening is small, creating an anaerobic condition inside, it is easy to contract tetanus. Therefore, it is generally recommended to administer a tetanus antitoxin following an injury, as an internal infection with tetanus can lead to very serious conditions, potentially resulting in death.

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Can tetanus be cured in its early stages?

Whether tetanus can be cured in the early stages depends on the severity of the condition and the individual's constitution. If the tetanus is mild, indicating a lighter infection, treatment might be relatively easier. Through symptomatic treatment and anti-tetanus bacillus therapy, the condition can be alleviated and improved. However, if the tetanus is severe, with persistent convulsions and various complications, treatment becomes more complicated and may lead to death. Therefore, if an injury occurs, proactive measures should be taken to treat the wound to reduce the risk of tetanus infection. Also, within 24 hours, one should go to the hospital to receive tetanus antitoxin or tetanus immunoglobulin to prevent the onset of tetanus.

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Written by Liu Huan Huan
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How to rescue from tetanus allergy

In clinical settings, when administering tetanus injections, it is very easy for allergic reactions to occur, even severe complications like anaphylactic shock. In such cases, the following emergency measures can be taken: First, establish an intravenous access immediately, then start the patient on infusion therapy; Second, if the patient experiences a drop in blood pressure, vasopressor agents can be used for pressor therapy; Third, it's essential to provide the patient with cardiac monitoring, oxygenation, and other supportive treatments. In addition, it's crucial to use anti-allergy medications. There are many anti-allergic drugs available clinically, and the specific medication to be used should be decided based on the patient's specific condition. (Please administer medications under the guidance of a professional physician, and do not self-medicate.)

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Written by Liu Huan Huan
General Surgery
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How long does a tetanus skin test take?

Tetanus is widely used clinically and is formally known as tetanus antitoxin. Therefore, if a patient is injured and the wound is deep, such as reaching the subcutaneous fat layer or even the muscle layer in severe cases, it is necessary to prevent tetanus infection by injecting tetanus antitoxin. Before injecting the tetanus antitoxin, it is mandatory to perform a skin test to prevent the patient from experiencing allergies, even severe clinical symptoms such as anaphylactic shock. During the skin test, generally, 0.1ml of tetanus antitoxin is diluted in 0.9ml of saline, and a skin test is performed on the forearm, observing for at least half an hour.

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When to get a tetanus shot

A tetanus shot is generally recommended to be administered immediately after an injury for the best efficacy. If given within 12 or 24 hours, it still provides certain preventive effects. The tetanus shot mainly consists of tetanus antitoxin and represents passive immunization. It is usually advised in cases of deep wounds with small surface areas that can create anaerobic conditions inside. If tetanus bacillus is present in the wound and proliferates massively under anaerobic conditions, the patient may exhibit symptoms such as opisthotonos, asphyxiation, or even death. Therefore, it is necessary to administer tetanus antitoxin for prevention.