Can an anal abscess without pus be treated without surgery?

Written by Yu Xu Chao
Colorectal Surgery
Updated on December 05, 2024
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Perianal abscesses require surgical treatment even if there is no pus present, as early-stage perianal abscesses are primarily characterized by pain and noticeable lumps near the anus, with the lumps typically being hard. This condition is mainly considered to be an infection and inflammation of the anal glands, which then infects the surrounding tissue, leading to the development of lumps. Surgical treatment should be undertaken as soon as possible even in the absence of pus, because as the infection worsens over time, it may lead to the formation of pus. Early treatment can be advantageous as the infected area is not very extensive, thus resulting in a smaller surgical wound. For early-stage perianal abscesses, a one-time radical surgery may be chosen to remove the internal opening and the infected tissue thoroughly, followed by postoperative care using medicated substances such as erythromycin ointment gauze, anal washes, or mupirocin ointment to promote healing of the surgical wound.

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Written by He Cai Dong
Colorectal Surgery Department
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How to change dressings for perianal abscess during menstruation?

Dressing changes during menstruation for perianal abscesses require cleansing with warm water after defecation. Sitz baths are not recommended as they may lead to gynecological infections. After thoroughly cleaning the area, it can be wiped with iodine. A hemorrhoid suppository should then be inserted into the anus, and hemorrhoid cream or an anti-inflammatory ointment can be applied to the wound. Covering with a piece of gauze can have an anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effect. Secure it with adhesive tape, and decide the frequency of dressing changes based on the amount of wound excretion. If there is a lot of excretion, it is advised to change the dressing twice a day, in the morning and evening. If the excretion is minimal and there is no feeling of moisture or discomfort, changing the dressing once a day after defecation is sufficient. At the same time, pay attention to a light diet.

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Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
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What should I do if the perianal abscess bursts?

Since a perianal abscess is an acute symptom of a local skin infection around the anus, during the acute phase of a perianal abscess, an abscess cavity and pus formation generally occur within about a week. As the disease worsens and progresses, the perianal abscess will rupture about a week later. If the perianal abscess ruptures, it may have already formed an anal fistula. A perianal abscess and an anal fistula represent two different stages of the disease, and both require surgical treatment. The main surgical treatment for anal fistulas is fistulotomy with seton placement, and care must be taken to drain and disinfect the local wound post-surgery to prevent pseudohealing of the wound.

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Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
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How to operate on a perianal abscess

The surgical methods for perianal abscess vary depending on the location of the lesion. If it is a simple ischiorectal fossa subcutaneous abscess, a one-time incision and drainage surgery is generally used. The local wound is debrided and necrotic tissue is removed. After trimming the wound, it is important to maintain clear drainage of the local wound. Local application of gauze strips for compression and drainage treatment can be used. If the abscess is in the ischioanal fossa or the pelvirectal space, considering that the location of the lesion is deep, a one-time incision and seton drainage radical surgery may be required for the perianal abscess. Post-surgery, thorough disinfection and drainage of the local wound are also necessary.

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Written by Yu Xu Chao
Colorectal Surgery
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Does a recurrent perianal abscess occur in the same location?

The recurrence of a perianal abscess may not necessarily be in the same location, but it is possible. If the internal opening was not completely cleared during the first perianal abscess surgery, this could lead to reinfection of the anal glands and subsequently a recurrence of the perianal abscess. In such cases, it is advisable to visit a hospital early for a perianal MRI to determine the position of the internal opening and the extent of the infected tissue. Then, a one-time radical surgery for the perianal abscess can be performed. After the surgery, it is crucial to consistently use medications like red oil gauze, anal wash, and golden ointment for dressing changes, to promote wound healing and avoid pseudo-healing. Additionally, if a perianal abscess was completely cured once, poor diet, lack of sleep, or frequent alcohol consumption could potentially cause abscesses in other perianal areas later. This situation is quite common, so it is important for patients to maintain a light diet.

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Written by Deng Heng
Colorectal Surgery
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Will people with perianal abscess experience weight loss?

Generally, perianal abscesses do not cause weight loss. Typically, perianal abscesses are caused by common bacteria infecting the spaces around the anus and rectum, leading to an acute purulent infection. When an abscess forms, it can cause sudden swelling and pain in the perianal area, with episodic increases in pain. However, if the abscess is caused by tuberculosis bacteria, it can lead to a chronic condition and systemic wasting diseases, which may present symptoms such as night sweats, feverish feelings, etc. Chronic diseases can cause weight loss.