Why is a perianal abscess so painful?

Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
Updated on December 19, 2024
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During the acute phase of a perianal abscess, the intense pain is mainly due to the formation of an abscess and pus pockets in the subcutaneous area around the anus. The pus within these cavities cannot rupture, causing localized skin nerves to experience pecking-like or jumping pain. The pain from a perianal abscess is generally unbearable for patients, necessitating prompt surgical treatment. The surgical approach for a perianal abscess primarily involves incision and drainage, followed by debridement of the abscess cavity. It is important to note that postoperative disinfection and dressing changes of the local wound are crucial to prevent false healing of the wound.

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Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
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Which is more serious, perianal abscess or hemorrhoids?

Perianal abscesses and hemorrhoids are two different types of anorectal diseases. During the acute phase of a perianal abscess, the urgency of the condition is greater than that of hemorrhoids. If active surgical intervention and incisional drainage and debridement are not carried out for a perianal abscess, it can lead to further enlargement of the pus cavity, increasing the size of the infected wound and the focus of infection, causing more severe pain and symptoms of systemic infection in the patient. Hemorrhoids, on the other hand, can be managed with conservative medication to alleviate symptoms. Surgical treatment is considered only when there are recurrent flare-ups, severe pain, significant prolapse, and worsening bleeding.

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Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
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Does a perianal abscess require hospitalization?

Perianal abscess is a common acute onset disease in proctology. If surgery is performed for a perianal abscess, it is recommended that the patient be hospitalized. Hospitalization observation is mainly for the local wound, to prevent recurrence and infection, and to ensure early proper wound dressing and drainage work, laying a good foundation for granulation growth post-surgery. The general hospitalization duration is about one week to ten days. In some cases, where the symptoms are severe or the abscess cavity is large, the hospital stay may extend to 20 days. During hospitalization, it is necessary for a professional proctologist to disinfect and change dressings of the local wound, and it is important to wash with saline water after each bowel movement.

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Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
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What should not be eaten with a perianal abscess?

During the acute phase of a perianal abscess, it is not advised to consume overly spicy and stimulating foods, drink alcohol, or eat much lamb, seafood, and other aggravating items. This is because a perianal abscess is a local infectious disease around the anus. Therefore, it is necessary to undergo surgery as soon as possible during an outbreak to prevent the spread of the abscess and increase the difficulty of treatment later. The surgical methods mainly include incision and drainage and one-time radical surgery. However, when there is a local fistula or changes in the sphincter, a fistulotomy with seton placement can also be chosen. Post-surgery, it is crucial to pay attention to the local wound drainage and dressing changes, which are very important for wound healing. It is essential to ensure proper drainage and thorough dressing changes to avoid pseudohealing or recurrent infection of the wound.

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Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
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Why does a perianal abscess recur?

Perianal abscess is an infectious disease of the local skin and tissues around the anus caused by an infection in the anal crypts. If a perianal abscess is not treated with a definitive one-time surgical intervention, it is very likely to recur, or after rupture of the abscess, to form an anal fistula with long-term intermittent discharge of pus from an external opening. Therefore, during the acute phase of a perianal abscess, once a distinct abscess cavity and pus formation occurs, it is necessary to promptly perform a one-time definitive surgical treatment of the perianal abscess, rather than choosing conservative medication treatment or simple incision and drainage. The above treatments only temporarily alleviate symptoms of a perianal abscess; only a one-time definitive surgery that completely cleans the local wound can result in the complete healing of the perianal abscess.

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Colorectal Surgery
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Which department should I go to for perianal abscess?

During the acute phase of a perianal abscess, patients experience significant local redness, swelling, heat, and pain around the anus. The pain is severe and in some cases, patients are unable to sit or walk normally due to the discomfort. During this acute phase, the swelling of the skin around the anus can easily be confused with skin carbuncles, leading patients to mistakenly visit a dermatologist. However, a perianal abscess is a local anal disease that requires registration with a colorectal surgery department, as it is not merely a skin carbuncle but an infection caused by an infection at the anal crypts inside the anal canal. This necessitates prompt surgical incision and drainage, and, if a fistula has formed, a fistulotomy may also be necessary.