What is the reason for breast pain during menstruation?

Written by Li Li Jie
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Updated on March 25, 2025
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Menstrual breast pain is considered to be caused by two factors. First, the patient experiences breast pain during menstruation due to the stimulation of estrogen and progesterone secretion before the onset of menstruation. The pain symptoms may be more pronounced before menstruation and can be alleviated after menstruation. Second, if the patient's symptoms are severe, it is generally necessary to consider whether the pain is caused by mammary gland hyperplasia. Mammary gland hyperplasia can be caused by long-term staying up late, depression, and excessive stress. It is recommended that the patient undergoes a breast ultrasound to check for conditions like mammary ductal hyperplasia or fibroadenomas, and then receive targeted treatment.

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Written by Zhao Yang
Breast Surgery
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What should I do if my breasts are swollen, painful, and not producing milk?

Breast engorgement and blocked milk flow can be attributed to the accumulation of milk. The simplest method to alleviate this is by clearing the milk ducts. You can either allow the baby to nurse more frequently or use a breast pump to assist. The most effective solution is to seek help from a lactation consultant or a professional medical practitioner to clear the ducts through milk expression. Both manual expression and nursing the baby are the best methods to relieve engorgement pain.

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Written by Lin Yang
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Is breast swelling and stabbing pain cancer?

Breast swelling and stabbing pain are generally not manifestations of cancer, but typical symptoms of breast hyperplasia. During a physical examination, nodular lumps of varying sizes can be felt in the breast, which are tough but not hard, and sometimes tender to touch. Ultrasound examination shows no lumps and no flocculent patterns on the molybdenum target, which can be diagnosed as breast hyperplasia. However, it is important to be cautious as breast hyperplasia and breast cancer can coexist. On one hand, patients with significant hyperplasia should have strengthened follow-up examinations. On the other hand, for patients with significant hyperplastic lumps or unclear boundaries in the thickened areas of the breast, it is recommended to perform a biopsy on the suspicious lesions to prevent misdiagnosis.

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Written by Wu Shi Ting
Breast Health Department
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Is breast swelling and pain a sign of pregnancy?

After pregnancy, due to the influence of estrogen and progesterone, most women experience breast tenderness. However, not all breast tenderness is caused by pregnancy. There are many causes of breast tenderness. For example, some women experience mild cyclic breast tenderness with menstrual cycle changes, which is often physiological. There are also some diseases, such as common breast hyperplasia, that can cause breast tenderness. Of course, some benign or malignant tumors in the breast can also cause tenderness. Therefore, it is recommended that patients with breast tenderness seek timely medical examination at a hospital.

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Written by Wu Shi Ting
Breast Health Department
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What is the cause of breast swelling and pain before menstruation?

Menstruation has not yet arrived, but the breasts are already in pain—this is a common annoyance for many women. Many women experience swelling, hardening, and even pain in their breasts before the onset of menstruation. In severe cases, even slight vibrations or bumps can cause unbearable breast pain. What causes this? It all starts with a mysterious substance—hormones. Each menstrual cycle, levels of estrogen and progesterone rise, causing the mammary ducts and lobular duct endothelial cells to enlarge, and the ductal epithelial cells and stromal cells to become congested and swollen, leading to pain. Thus, different degrees of pain occur before menstruation.

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Written by Zhang Xiu Rong
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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What to do about breast pain before menstruation?

Under normal circumstances, if there is also breast swelling and pain usually, it is essential to go to the hospital for an ultrasound to check if there is breast hyperplasia or any organic breast diseases. If organic diseases are excluded, premenstrual breast swelling and pain are generally considered clinically, and traditional Chinese medicine believes that the liver meridian accumulates in the breast. For example, patients who are prone to anger or have liver depression and qi stagnation may experience premenstrual breast swelling and pain. At this time, treatment can generally involve taking some liver-soothing and depression-relieving medicine, such as Xiao Yao Wan, Ru Ning tablets, and other medicines for symptomatic treatment. Occasional one or two instances are not a big problem, but if premenstrual breast swelling and pain occur frequently, it is definitely necessary to take medicine for symptomatic treatment, as this condition is generally related to liver meridian and liver depression qi stagnation.