How is infertility caused?

Written by Kang Jian Hua

Reproductive Center

Updated on September 22, 2024

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Infertility can occur if there is an issue with either partner. The main factors causing infertility in women include ovulation disorders, fallopian tube factors, and abnormal endometrial receptivity. The primary factors causing infertility in men are abnormal spermatogenesis and ovulation disorders. Common etiological diagnoses generally include ovulation disorders, abnormal semen, fallopian tube abnormalities, unexplained infertility, endometriosis, and other immunological infertility. Additionally, cervical factors can also lead to infertility, such as cervical stenosis, which accounts for more than 5% of cervical factors.

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Written by Shen Li Wen

Obstetrics and Gynecology

58sec

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Do Nabothian cysts of the cervix cause infertility?

Women with cervical Nabothian cysts will not become infertile because of them. Cervical Nabothian cysts are actually cysts of the cervical glands. Abnormal substances, such as squamous epithelium during the healing process, have entered the gland ducts, blocking them and preventing the contents of the cysts from escaping. They merely indicate the squamo-columnar junction of the cervix and do not affect the cervical canal or cause it to narrow, nor do they affect vaginal secretions or female infertility. However, if a woman has a particularly large single cervical cyst or multiple cervical gland cysts, they may cause cervical hypertrophy. When the cervix is enlarged, there might be hyperplasia in the interstitial part and possible formation of fibrous tissue. This could potentially affect the dilation of the cervix during childbirth.

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Written by Zhang Shu Kun

Traditional Chinese Medicine

45sec

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How to regulate infertility caused by cold in the body?

Patients with cold-induced infertility can eat some foods that expel cold, such as adzuki beans, Chinese yam, coix seeds, and jujube, which can effectively help eliminate cold from the body. They can also drink chrysanthemum tea, fat sea, and honeysuckle tea, which can help regulate the body. It is also important to avoid cold, stimulating, and greasy foods, and it is recommended to eat more fresh fruits and vegetables to aid digestion in the gastrointestinal tract. Additionally, methods such as steam sauna, soaking feet in warm water, cupping, and moxibustion can effectively help expel cold and improve symptoms of infertility.

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Written by Zhao Li Li

Obstetrics

48sec

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Why does adenomyosis cause infertility?

Under normal circumstances, adenomyosis is mainly due to factors such as the elasticity of muscle fibers in the uterine muscle layer, leading to abnormal enlargement of the uterus. This causes severe complications such as increased menstrual flow and painful menstruation. There are no specific treatment methods. During the onset of adenomyosis, it might affect the normal menstrual cycle of women, leading to increased menstrual flow or irregular menstruation. This can easily interfere with the normal development and ovulation of follicles, therefore significantly impacting normal conception. Once diagnosed, it is also necessary to actively treat the symptoms to avoid delaying normal conception.

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Written by Li Li Jie

Obstetrics and Gynecology

53sec

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Can a ruptured corpus luteum lead to infertility?

The destruction of corpus luteum cells can lead to infertility. The most common issue is the obvious rupture of the corpus luteum, accompanied by excessive pelvic fluid, which requires surgical treatment. Post-surgery, there could be pelvic adhesion, leading to partial fallopian tube adhesion, which may result in blockages or obstructions in the fallopian tubes. Therefore, during pregnancy, an ectopic pregnancy may occur, and even infertility, particularly in some women who do not seek timely medical treatment after a corpus luteum rupture. This leads to the spread of pelvic inflammatory disease, which may even develop into chronic pelvic inflammatory disease. It is essential to be cautious and avoid vigorous physical activities to prevent the dangerous rupture of the corpus luteum.

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Written by Shen Li Wen

Obstetrics and Gynecology

1min 12sec

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What tests are done for secondary infertility?

The most common cause of secondary infertility in women is blocked fallopian tubes. In this case, a hysterosalpingography with iodine oil should be performed to understand the patency of the fallopian tubes and the specific location of the blockage, which can guide future treatment. Additionally, if a woman has abnormal vaginal discharge, a routine gynecological examination should be conducted to check for any cervical lesions. A vaginal secretion test should be performed to see if vaginal inflammation is affecting normal pregnancy. Some women experience infertility after having an abortion or induced abortion, and for these women, it's also worth considering whether uterine issues are causing secondary infertility. A hysteroscopy can be done to investigate this. When a woman experiences secondary infertility, her sexual partner or spouse should also be examined to assess sperm quality and any potential obstacles in the sperm delivery pathway.