Neonatal jaundice, how many days can it completely subside?

Written by Li Jiao Yan
Neonatology
Updated on September 24, 2024
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Neonatal jaundice is one of the common symptoms in newborns, especially in early newborns. Neonatal jaundice can be a normal physiological phenomenon, but it can also be a manifestation of certain diseases. Generally, if it is physiological jaundice in full-term babies, it usually resolves within about ten days, and generally lasts no longer than two weeks. In premature babies, it tends to last longer, generally not exceeding four weeks. However, if the jaundice persists for a long time, progresses quickly, and is severe, it may be pathological jaundice. Pathological jaundice might be associated with other discomforts, and in such cases, it is necessary to identify possible pathological factors and treat them accordingly to gradually control and reduce the jaundice. Therefore, if the jaundice persists for a long time, it is advisable to go to the hospital for some relevant tests to determine its nature, and if it is pathological jaundice, timely intervention and treatment are recommended.

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Written by Li Jiao Yan
Neonatology
2min 14sec home-news-image

Causes of neonatal jaundice

Neonatal jaundice is generally divided into physiological jaundice and pathological jaundice. Physiological jaundice is usually considered a normal phenomenon, where the baby's jaundice can naturally recede without much impact on the baby. If it is pathological jaundice, it means that the jaundice level is high, indicating a pathological condition. Pathological jaundice can be further divided into several types, the most common being elevated direct bilirubin and elevated indirect bilirubin, each with different causes. Common causes of jaundice include increased indirect bilirubin due to infections, hemolysis, and mother-infant blood type incompatibility, such as ABO incompatibility where the mother is type O and the baby is not, or the mother has HR-negative blood and the baby has HR-positive blood. Other factors include reduced thyroid function, enzyme deficiencies such as G6PD deficiency, various types of bleeding like gastrointestinal bleeding, intracranial bleeding, or asphyxia at birth. Conditions like hypoxia or acidosis in the baby can also lead to increased jaundice. Additionally, liver function damage due to viral infections like hepatitis B, cytomegalovirus, and other infectious diseases such as syphilis, as well as other viruses like rubella virus and herpes virus can elevate jaundice levels. Developmental abnormalities of the biliary tract, commonly biliary atresia or congenital bile duct dilation, can cause elevated conjugated bilirubin levels. The causes of jaundice are complex, and some causes might remain unidentified. However, if the baby's general condition is good and the jaundice is manageable, it generally does not affect the baby. If jaundice levels are high, it is advised to visit a hospital where doctors can conduct relevant tests based on the baby's specific condition to determine if treatment is needed.

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Written by Li Jiao Yan
Neonatology
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How to treat neonatal jaundice

Neonatal jaundice is the most common phenomenon during the neonatal period and generally falls into two categories: physiological jaundice and pathological jaundice. As the name suggests, physiological jaundice is a normal physiological phenomenon. It typically appears in full-term babies on days 2-3, peaks on days 4-5, and gradually decreases around day 7, and completely subsides within two weeks. This type does not require intervention as the baby is generally in good condition and usually does not need treatment. Jaundice that appears early, progresses quickly, is severe, or lasts a long time is considered pathological jaundice. The diagnosis of pathological jaundice is generally made by a doctor. It is recommended that babies be monitored daily for jaundice within the first two weeks after birth. Based on the bilirubin levels, if it is high, it is advisable to seek a thorough examination from a neonatologist. Pathological jaundice requires timely intervention, especially considering liver function. If there is a significant increase in indirect bilirubin, this type of jaundice can be neurotoxic. Persistent high jaundice might affect the brain, so prompt intervention is necessary. Hospitalization for jaundice treatment will depend on the cause, and treatment will be symptomatic. The cause might be other pathological factors; removing the cause while treating the jaundice is the usual approach. Common treatment for high indirect bilirubin involves phototherapy. If conjugated bilirubin is elevated, the underlying cause might be more complex and treatment more challenging. Therefore, if jaundice is detected and there is uncertainty, it is advised to promptly visit a hospital for intervention by a neonatal specialist and necessary treatment.

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Written by Li Jiao Yan
Neonatology
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What to do if a newborn has high jaundice?

If a newborn baby has high jaundice that exceeds normal values, it is considered pathological jaundice. Pathological jaundice requires timely intervention. It is generally recommended to go to the hospital, where a specialist in neonatology will conduct a thorough examination of the baby. If necessary, hospitalization or medication might be required for treatment. It is advised that parents should not handle high jaundice on their own, as they generally do not know when the newborn is in a pathological state. It is best to have a specialist doctor manage and treat the baby’s jaundice, and the specialist will also guide the treatment of the jaundice.

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Written by Li Jiao Yan
Neonatology
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Will neonatal jaundice recur?

Neonatal jaundice is a common symptom during the newborn period. It can be a symptom of normal growth and development or an indication of certain diseases. Jaundice is divided into physiological and pathological jaundice. Physiological jaundice generally appears two to three days after birth, reaches its peak around four to five days, and subsides around ten days. Generally, the duration of jaundice in babies does not exceed two weeks, and the situation is usually manageable. Once physiological jaundice has subsided, it does not recur. If jaundice reappears after it has completely resolved, it is necessary to be cautious as it may indicate pathological jaundice. In such cases, it is advisable to visit the hospital where doctors can conduct relevant tests based on the baby's condition. If it is confirmed that the pathological jaundice needs treatment, it is recommended to intervene and treat it early.

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Written by Li Jiao Yan
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Does neonatal jaundice recede from the forehead first?

Neonatal jaundice is one of the most common phenomena in newborns, with about 80% of full-term infants visibly exhibiting jaundice. Typically, the development of jaundice begins in the facial area and gradually extends to the trunk and limbs. Its reduction follows the reverse pattern, generally receding from the limbs to the trunk and then slowly to the facial area. Usually, if the face no longer appears yellow, the jaundice has essentially subsided.