Consequences of recurrent anal fistulas

Written by Yang Dong

Colorectal Surgery Department

Updated on September 03, 2024

00:00

00:00

If an anal fistula is not treated in time, it may repeatedly occur. If an anal fistula repeatedly occurs, due to local inflammation, pus will spread and infiltrate into the perianal tissues, causing further aggravation of infection. This can then affect the function of the anus, potentially leading to symptoms such as fecal incontinence. Moreover, if an anal fistula repeatedly occurs over a long period, there is a possibility of malignant transformation.

Other Voices

home-news-image

Written by Chen Tian Jing

Colorectal Surgery

1min 1sec

home-news-image

How to cure anal fistula completely

The radical treatment of anal fistula mainly involves surgery, with the choice of surgery being the anal fistula cutting and ligation operation. This primarily utilizes a ligature or elastic band to loop through the local sphincter, thereby achieving slow cutting and drainage of secretions. Anal fistula is considered a local infectious lesion at the anus, and the fundamental principle of the surgery is to remove the local fistula tract and the wall of the fistula completely through cutting and ligation, and after thoroughly removing the local infection, fresh granulation tissue can regrow. Due to the prolonged location of the local lesion in anal fistulas, postoperative wound dressing and drainage are very important. The wound can be disinfected daily with povidone-iodine, and gauze impregnated with oil can be used for pressurized drainage to help facilitate the flow of local secretions.

home-news-image

Written by Chen Tian Jing

Colorectal Surgery

1min 2sec

home-news-image

How long does it take to recover after surgery for an anal fistula?

After surgery for an anal fistula, the general recovery time is about twenty days to a month. The duration of recovery mainly depends on the size of the local lesion before surgery, as well as the surgical wound postoperatively, and also relates to the patient's constitution. Particularly, if the patient has certain underlying diseases, such as diabetes or a history of tuberculosis, the recovery time may be relatively extended. The wound after an anal fistula surgery is an open wound contaminated with bacteria, so postoperative wound dressing changes are very important for wound recovery. It is recommended that the secretion from the local wound be cleared daily, followed by disinfection with povidone-iodine, then application of an anti-inflammatory ointment, and covering the wound with an oil gauze strip for drainage to avoid poor drainage leading to false healing of the local wound.

home-news-image

Written by Yu Xu Chao

Colorectal Surgery

1min 6sec

home-news-image

Is it better for the external opening of an anal fistula to be closed or not closed?

In clinical practice, it is generally best not to close the external opening of an anal fistula. Keeping the drainage unobstructed can prevent the infection from worsening or the formation of multiple branches. This is because when the fistula drains properly, the infectious secretions can flow out of the external opening. However, if the external opening does close, the infected tissues and secretions will accumulate within the fistula and then spread to the surrounding areas, forming branches and leading to an increase in the number of branches, thus creating a complex anal fistula and increasing the difficulty of future surgeries. Therefore, it is best not to close the external opening of an anal fistula. Clinically, the treatment for an anal fistula involves fistulectomy, which primarily involves removing the internal opening and the fistula. The external opening also needs to be treated. Postoperatively, medications such as erythromycin ointment gauze strips should be used for dressing changes.

home-news-image

Written by Yu Xu Chao

Colorectal Surgery

59sec

home-news-image

Is the recovery from a second anal fistula surgery quick?

Whether the recovery from a second surgery for anal fistula is quick primarily depends on whether the surgical wound is infected and bleeding, and it is also directly related to the patient's own immunity and the size of the wound. Generally, if the wound from the second surgery is relatively small and the patient does not have diabetes, tuberculosis, or inflammatory bowel disease, then the postoperative recovery tends to be quicker. Moreover, the patient should eat foods rich in high-quality protein and persist in changing dressings to avoid infection and bleeding of the wound, which also facilitates recovery after anal fistula surgery. However, if the wound from the anal fistula surgery is larger and the second procedure involves the seton technique, and since the patient's second surgery is for a high complex anal fistula, the recovery time is relatively slower. Additionally, if the patient has diabetes or inflammatory bowel disease, this will directly affect the postoperative recovery.

home-news-image

Written by Chen Tian Jing

Colorectal Surgery

1min 13sec

home-news-image

How to deal with the internal opening of an anal fistula?

The internal opening of an anal fistula is generally located at the site of inflammation in the anal crypt. The primary reason for the formation of an anal fistula is the repeated outbreaks at the anal crypt, which lead to further infection and the formation of a perianal abscess. When the abscess cavity ruptures, it forms an external opening and the anal fistula. Surgical treatment is required for the internal opening of an anal fistula, generally involving a seton procedure that threads a line through the internal opening and part of the sphincter muscle, gradually cutting and draining the area slowly. If the inflammation at the internal opening is significant, it may also be necessary to excise part of the infected site in the anal crypt. Post-surgery care of the internal opening of an anal fistula primarily involves dressing changes, requiring daily thorough disinfection of the local area, ensuring clear drainage, to allow the granulation tissue at the internal opening to grow freshly, and to slowly heal the wound without infection. (Medication should be taken under the guidance of a doctor.)