Symptoms of bronchial asthma

Written by Hao Ze Rui
Pulmonology
Updated on September 03, 2024
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The most common symptoms of bronchial asthma are episodic difficulty in breathing, which can also manifest as episodic chest tightness and coughing. During an asthma attack, there will be accompanying wheezing sounds. If the patient is more severe, they may be forced to sit up to breathe during episodes of breathing difficulties, exhibiting orthopneic breathing. Some patients may experience a dry cough or cough up a large amount of white foamy sputum. In severe cases, symptoms of hypoxia such as cyanosis of the lips and nail discoloration can occur. Asthma attacks are generally acute, with symptoms appearing within minutes, but they can also begin more slowly, worsening over several hours or days. Asthma generally relieves itself, or even after relieving, it may recur, typically worsening during the night.

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Characteristics of auscultation for bronchial asthma

Bronchial asthma, commonly known as asthma, is mainly a chronic airway inflammatory disease involving various inflammatory cells and their components. This condition causes the bronchi to narrow and spasm, hindering the passage of air through the airways into the alveoli. Since bronchial asthma primarily affects the smaller bronchi, expiratory wheezes or stridor can often be heard upon auscultation of the trachea. In severe cases, no sounds may be heard from the patient's lungs, a condition referred to as "silent lung," which is an indication of a serious progression of the disease.

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Can people with bronchial asthma eat crab?

Patients with bronchial asthma are not absolutely prohibited from eating crabs, but they should be cautious when doing so. Those with bronchial asthma might be allergic to certain foods, potentially triggering an acute asthma attack, or even severe asthma due to food allergies, which could be life-threatening. Seafood is one of the most common triggers for such allergies. Therefore, it is generally advised for patients with bronchial asthma to avoid seafood. Additionally, foods like fish, shrimp, and crabs can also cause allergies. Thus, patients with bronchial asthma need to be cautious when eating crabs, especially if they have never eaten them before. If they do eat crabs, it should be tried in small amounts. If symptoms such as rash, itchy skin, coughing or chest tightness occur during the consumption of crabs, they should immediately stop eating and, if necessary, appropriate medication should be administered.

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Bronchial asthma auscultation characteristics

During a recurrence of bronchial asthma, symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing occur. During an attack, the patient's chest often appears hyperinflated. Upon auscultation, scattered or diffuse wheezing sounds can be heard, primarily during expiration, and the expiration phase is also prolonged. However, in some severe asthma cases, wheezing sounds may not be present, a condition referred to as "silent chest," which should be noted. If an asthma attack cannot be relieved, it is important to seek medical attention promptly for management by a doctor.

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What position should be adopted for bronchial asthma?

The postures of patients with bronchial asthma vary depending on the severity and extent of the attack. For patients with mild symptoms, they can assume any posture they prefer without any impact; they can sleep however they wish. However, during severe asthma attacks, patients are forced to adopt a semi-sitting or upright sitting position to breathe. This isn't a choice, but a necessity when the disease reaches a severe stage, where such positions might slightly ease breathing. Many asthmatic patients cannot lie down at all during serious attacks, as lying down would intensify their chest tightness and breathing difficulties.

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Treatment for mild bronchial asthma

For the treatment of mild bronchial asthma, the purpose of treatment is to prevent the repeated exacerbation of the condition and to prevent deterioration, as well as to control current symptoms. Regardless of whether the symptoms are present or absent, mild or severe, standardized treatment is needed for these asthma patients. The main treatments are inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting bronchodilators to control the progression of the disease and prevent acute asthma attacks. Of course, we will have an assessment of the condition, whether controlled or not, and based on the grading of the condition, different levels will require different medications for treatment.