What is the best treatment for anal fissures?

Written by Li Xiao Jie
Internal Medicine
Updated on September 18, 2024
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The treatment of anal fissures depends on the specific situation. For initial onset anal fissures, since the fissure is small, treatment can be achieved through methods such as Chinese herbal fumigation or topical application of medicine. For recurrent anal fissures that have persisted for a longer time, fumigation and washing with medicine are less effective. In such cases, surgical treatment is necessary, and it should be sought at the proctology department of a formal hospital. Anal fissures are greatly related to bowel habits, so it is important to maintain smooth bowel movements by, for example, drinking more water, eating more high-fiber foods, consuming less spicy and stimulating foods, abstaining from alcohol, and avoiding greasy foods.

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Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
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Anal fissure bleeding symptoms

The most common clinical symptoms of anal fissure, apart from the intense tearing pain in the anal area, include bleeding during bowel movements. The bleeding from anal fissures is typically bright red, and the amount of blood can increase with the severity of the condition due to repeated stretching of the fissure. Particularly during acute episodes of anal fissures or after defecation, bleeding from the local fissure can be more significant. Patients with bleeding anal fissures generally have a history of dry stools, so the first step in treating anal fissure bleeding is to lubricate the stool. Additionally, topical medications should be applied to the bleeding fissure to promote healing, and hemorrhoid creams with hemostatic properties can be used locally to help stop the bleeding. (Please use medications under the guidance of a professional physician, and do not self-medicate.)

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Written by Wang Hui Jie
Gastroenterology
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Can diarrhea cause anal fissures?

Diarrhea may cause anal fissures. An anal fissure refers to a full-thickness vertical tear in the skin of the anal canal below the dentate line, forming an ischemic ulcer. It is commonly found in young and middle-aged adults, and the exact mechanism of its development is not very clear. It is mainly related to local muscle spasms and infection following injury. The main symptoms include severe, sharp pain during and after bowel movements, along with occasional light, bright red bleeding. There may also be constipation and anal discharge. If the skin of the anal canal is chronically irritated by prolonged diarrhea, causing skin damage, it is very likely to lead to an anal fissure.

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Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
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What should I do about anal bleeding and anal fissures?

If a fissure is visible to the naked eye at the anal sphincter during a digital rectal examination, it is primarily considered an anal fissure. Anal fissures generally cause severe local pain and bleeding from the fissure. The fissure is primarily due to the local crack being stretched or opened, causing bleeding from small blood vessels, and the blood from the fissure is usually bright red. To treat bleeding from an anal fissure, it is first necessary to soften the stool, as the occurrence of an anal fissure is mainly related to dry stools and difficulty defecating. Once the stool is lubricated, it can reduce the need to exert excessive force during defecation, lowering the possibility of stretching the local fissure. Topical application of hemorrhoid cream at the fissure, or combined with oral medications that cool the blood and stop bleeding, may be used. If there is repeated bleeding from an anal fissure, surgical treatment is also recommended. (Please use medications under the guidance of a professional physician, and do not self-medicate.)

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Written by Li Xiao Jie
Internal Medicine
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What should be paid attention to for anal fissures?

The occurrence of anal fissures is highly related to constipation. Therefore, for patients with anal fissures, treating and preventing constipation is the most important approach. It is advisable to eat more vegetables and fruits, consume fewer spicy and stimulating foods, and reduce the intake of greasy foods. The diet should be light, drink more water, and pay attention to local hygiene. Furthermore, patients with anal fissures should avoid sitting or squatting for long periods to prevent aggravating the condition. If symptoms such as fever, difficulty defecating, or severe pain around the anus occur, it is crucial to visit a hospital for examination to rule out other conditions. Regular participation in physical exercise is recommended to promote intestinal movement and facilitate defecation.

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Written by Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
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What should be paid attention to for anal fissures usually?

Patients with anal fissures primarily develop the condition due to a history of dry stools or straining during early bowel movements. Therefore, it is important for patients to ensure smooth bowel movements and avoid excessive dryness of stools. Diet adjustments should include consuming more bland vegetables and fruits, and avoiding spicy foods such as chili peppers, seafood, and mutton, which are irritants. Additionally, ensuring adequate daily water intake is crucial to prevent dryness in the intestinal feces. Besides dietary and bowel adjustments, patients with anal fissures should actively seek medical treatment during acute episodes to prevent the recurrence of early fissures and the formation of chronic fissures. Early-stage fissures may be treated with topical medications to alleviate symptoms, while chronic fissures may require surgical intervention. (Medication should be administered under the guidance of a doctor.)