What causes menstrual cramps?

Written by Li Lin

Obstetrics and Gynecology

Updated on November 25, 2024

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Dysmenorrhea is divided into primary dysmenorrhea and secondary dysmenorrhea. Primary dysmenorrhea refers to menstrual pain that occurs without organic lesions in the uterus. It is caused by the increase of prostaglandin levels in the body during menstruation, which stimulates uterine contractions. Secondary dysmenorrhea is caused by organic pathological changes in the uterus itself, such as endometriosis, adenomyosis, and pelvic inflammatory disease, which stimulate uterine contractions and lead to lower abdominal pain during menstruation.

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Written by Jia Rui

Obstetrics and Gynecology

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How to alleviate menstrual pain: little tips

For women with dysmenorrhea, it is recommended to maintain sufficient sleep and rest, apply a hot water bag on the abdomen or use heating pads for relief. During dysmenorrhea, drinking warm water, brown sugar water, or ginger sugar water can be helpful. Additionally, avoiding raw, cold, and spicy foods can alleviate the symptoms. Dysmenorrhea is a common gynecological disease characterized by pain in the lower abdomen, a sense of heaviness, backache, and other physical discomforts before and during menstruation, significantly affecting the patient's quality of life.

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Written by Liu Jian Wei

Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Adenomyosis without dysmenorrhea

Some women with adenomyosis may not experience symptoms of dysmenorrhea, which is a relatively good scenario as it does not affect their quality of life due to the disease. It is recommended that patients regularly visit the gynecology and obstetrics outpatient clinic at their local hospital for gynecological examinations, gynecological color ultrasound, and other related tests to monitor the occurrence and development of the disease. If the disease progresses and worsens, and clinical symptoms appear with the uterus gradually enlarging, then surgery may be necessary if surgical indications are met.

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Written by Xia Min

Traditional Chinese Medicine

58sec

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How to regulate menstrual pain caused by a cold uterus?

For menstrual pain due to a cold uterus, the commonly used gynecological formula "Wen Jing Tang" is typically selected. Wen Jing Tang is a standard formula for regulating menstruation and is generally used for cold uterus and painful menstruation due to a deficiency-cold in the Ren and Chong meridians with blood stasis. Its main ingredients include Evodia, Ophiopogon, Cinnamon Twig, Angelica, Chuanxiong, Peony, Moutan Bark, Donkey-hide Gelatin, Ginseng, Licorice, Pinellia, and Ginger. If there is severe cold pain in the lower abdomen, Moutan Bark and Ophiopogon are removed and Artemisia leaves are added, or Cinnamon is used instead of Cinnamon Twig to enhance the effect of dispelling cold and relieving pain. If there is abdominal distension, Cyperus and Lindera are added.

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Written by Shen Li Wen

Obstetrics and Gynecology

1min

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Does dysmenorrhea cause infertility?

The causes of dysmenorrhea are divided into primary dysmenorrhea and secondary dysmenorrhea. In primary dysmenorrhea, women do not have organic pathological changes in the reproductive system, and it usually does not affect normal pregnancy. Secondary dysmenorrhea is often caused by organic pathological changes in the reproductive system, such as submucosal fibroids, adenomyosis, ovarian endometriomas, etc. These conditions can change the internal environment of the pelvic and uterine cavities, affecting various aspects such as the implantation of the fertilized egg, thus impacting normal pregnancy. Therefore, when a woman is diagnosed with secondary dysmenorrhea, it is important to identify the cause of the pain and provide appropriate treatment to avoid affecting future normal pregnancies.

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Written by Shen Li Wen

Obstetrics and Gynecology

1min 16sec

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What should I do if the menstrual pain is very severe?

If women experience severe dysmenorrhea, they should first undergo routine examinations to rule out organic lesions, which are the possibility of secondary dysmenorrhea. For example, we should initially conduct gynecological examinations, pelvic ultrasounds, or combine other auxiliary examinations such as pelvic CT and MRI scans to rule them out. Some women may suffer from conditions such as endometrial polyps, ovarian chocolate cysts, or uterine fibroids, leading to severe dysmenorrhea. The treatment methods vary depending on the different causes. For instance, if a woman has endometrial polyps, hysteroscopic electrosurgical resection of the polyps can be performed. If it has been ruled out that the woman has organic lesions of the reproductive system and the possibility of secondary dysmenorrhea, it is possible that she has primary dysmenorrhea. She can take non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs orally during menstruation to relieve the pain, or regularly take short-acting contraceptive pills to suppress ovulation and alleviate the symptoms of dysmenorrhea.