Do uterine polyps require surgery?

Written by Yue Hua
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Updated on September 15, 2024
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Endometrial polyps require surgery. Patients with endometrial polyps generally have clinical symptoms, mainly characterized by irregular vaginal bleeding. This can be a small amount of bleeding after menstruation has ended, or extended periods during menstruation. In such cases, a hysteroscopy or diagnostic curettage is needed to remove these polyps. Relatively speaking, hysteroscopy is more accurate and has fewer side effects after surgery, but its disadvantage is the higher cost. The goal of both is to remove the endometrial polyps and then send them for pathological examination.

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Written by Wang Jing Hua
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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Can endometrial polyps heal by themselves?

Some endometrial polyps are self-healing, so not all endometrial polyps require surgical treatment. This is often because endometrial polyps are related to recent endocrine states, and some can be managed with hormonal medications, while others may be expelled during a menstrual period. Therefore, if the endometrial polyp does not cause any symptoms, such as abnormal bleeding, impact on pregnancy, or is large enough to cause infertility, it is possible to observe regularly without immediate diagnostic curettage surgery.

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Written by Yue Hua
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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How to investigate endometrial polyps?

Endometrial polyps require an ultrasound examination to be detected, as they are located within the uterine cavity and cannot be seen by a gynecological examination alone. Under ultrasound, one can see a polyp-like object in the uterine cavity, which usually measures only a few millimeters, although some may be about ten or more millimeters in size. Certainly, if possible, a hysteroscopy can also identify them. However, generally, an ultrasound is conducted first to observe the endometrial polyps, followed by a hysteroscopy to remove them.

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Written by Liu Jian Wei
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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The difference between endometritis and endometrial cancer.

Endometritis falls under the category of inflammation and its general clinical treatment primarily involves anti-inflammatory treatment. Endometrial cancer, on the other hand, is a malignant tumor of the uterus and differs in prognosis and treatment. The preferred treatment for endometrial cancer is surgical. If the patient has missed the opportunity for surgery, chemotherapy or radiotherapy can be administered, with the aim of extending the patient’s life as much as possible. Compared to endometritis, which is relatively mild, endometrial cancer has a more significant impact.

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Written by Liu Jian Wei
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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How long will endometrial polyps recur?

The recurrence time of endometrial polyps varies from person to person, and not all patients with endometrial polyps will experience recurrence. Therefore, the majority of women need not worry excessively about the recurrence of endometrial polyps. However, it should be noted that in some women, endometrial polyps are more likely to recur. For these patients, strict follow-up after endometrial resection is key to early detection of the recurrence of endometrial polyps.

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Written by Zhang Lu
Obstetrics
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Do uterine polyps affect pregnancy?

Endometrial polyps refer to the hyperplasia of the endometrial lining due to inflammatory stimuli, resulting in many polypoid tissues. Whether endometrial polyps affect pregnancy mainly depends on the number and size of the polyps, and whether they cause clinical symptoms. First, if the polyps are small and few in number without causing an increase in menstrual flow, they generally do not affect pregnancy and do not require removal of the endometrial polyps, as removing them could instead easily damage the function of the endometrial lining. Second, if the polyps are large, over one centimeter, or there are multiple endometrial polyps, and they cause an increase in menstrual volume, this indicates that the endometrial polyps have impacted the woman's body. In such cases, it is necessary to use a hysteroscope to remove the endometrial polyps before trying to conceive.