How is viral hepatitis treated?

Written by Ye Xi Yong
Infectious Diseases
Updated on September 25, 2024
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Viral hepatitis is divided into acute and chronic types. Acute viral hepatitis is commonly seen in hepatitis A and E. If the condition is mild, it can heal on its own without treatment. However, if the condition is severe, liver protection treatment can be administered in a hospital. Chronic viral hepatitis is most commonly seen in chronic hepatitis B and C. These conditions have relatively long disease courses, and some may even carry the virus for a lifetime. The key to their treatment plans is timely antiviral therapy. Antiviral treatment for hepatitis B mainly includes interferon and nucleoside analogs. Hepatitis C can also be treated with interferon, in addition to direct-acting antiviral drugs for hepatitis C.

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Is viral hepatitis contagious?

Viral hepatitis is contagious, with different types of viral hepatitis transmitted in different ways. The common types of viral hepatitis include Hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Hepatitis A and E are acute self-limiting liver diseases, which are contagious during the symptomatic phase and also during the incubation period, primarily transmitted through the fecal-oral route via the digestive tract. Therefore, for those infected with Hepatitis A or E, gastrointestinal isolation and symptomatic treatment are required. Hepatitis B and C are transmitted through blood, sexual contact, and from mother to child, with general contact not leading to infection.

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Is viral hepatitis hereditary?

Viral hepatitis is an infectious disease, not a hereditary disease, and has no relation to genetics. Common types of viral hepatitis include hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Different types of viral hepatitis have different modes of transmission; hepatitis A and E are transmitted through the fecal-oral route via the digestive tract, while hepatitis B and C can be transmitted through blood, perinatal transmission, and sexual contact. The treatment and management methods for different types of viral hepatitis also vary.

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Written by Zhang Jian Kang
Infectious Disease
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Is viral hepatitis serious?

The onset of viral hepatitis is fast or sudden, and it depends on the type of hepatitis. Viral hepatitis can be categorized into acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, liver failure, cholestatic hepatitis, and cirrhotic hepatitis. Acute hepatitis and liver failure typically have a rapid onset, with common pathogens like Hepatitis A and Hepatitis E, which can cause acute hepatitis and may lead to symptoms such as significant fatigue, poor appetite, and dark urine in a short period. However, chronic hepatitis caused by Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C, which can even lead to cirrhosis, tends to progress slowly. After infection with the virus, the body may carry the virus for a long time without any symptoms. It may take 10-20 years or even longer for symptoms like fatigue and poor appetite to appear.

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Written by Ye Xi Yong
Infectious Diseases
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How to test for viral hepatitis?

Viral hepatitis is primarily caused by hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E viruses. However, its diagnosis is mainly confirmed through blood tests by examining serological results. It is generally difficult to differentiate clinically because conditions like hepatitis A and E have very similar clinical manifestations. Similarly, hepatitis B and C can show similar symptoms during certain stages of the disease. Therefore, the examination of viral hepatitis primarily involves blood tests for serological studies of the hepatitis virus.

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Written by Ye Xi Yong
Infectious Diseases
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How to prevent viral hepatitis

Viral hepatitis is a class of diseases that specifically includes five types: hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, hepatitis D, and hepatitis E. Each type has a different mode of transmission, hence the prevention methods vary for each. Specifically, hepatitis A and E are transmitted via the fecal-oral route, meaning the disease is mainly spread through consuming water and cold foods contaminated with the viruses, and foods that have not been fully cooked, leading to infection. Hepatitis B and C, on the other hand, are mainly transmitted through blood and sexual contact. Prevention of hepatitis B and C involves avoiding contact with blood products from infected individuals and unsafe sexual practices.