Can pneumothorax be inherited?

Written by Zhang Zhi Gong
Cardiothoracic Surgery
Updated on December 27, 2024
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In fact, medicine has found that most diseases, other than traumatic ones caused by injuries or car accidents, are related to genes or heredity. For instance, diseases like diabetes and hypertension clearly have a familial hereditary history. Pneumothorax is no exception, as it also tends to cluster in certain families, or has a higher tendency than in normal families. Therefore, pneumothorax does possess a certain hereditary nature, particularly in families prone to connective tissue disorders such as Marfan Syndrome. Additionally, pneumothorax often occurs in families with mutations in the human leukocyte antigen, and in those with conditions such as homocystinuria or antitrypsin deficiency, where pneumothorax is more prevalent. Of course, there are also conditions like Marfan Syndrome and Birt-Hogg-Dube (BHD) Syndrome in these families, which also tend to develop renal cysts, renal tumors, and skin fibrofolliculomas. Thus, the more frequent occurrence of pneumothorax in these families demonstrates that pneumothorax is genetically related and has a certain degree of heredity.

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Written by Hao Ze Rui
Pulmonology
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What are the main signs of pneumothorax?

If it is a small amount of pneumothorax, the physical signs are generally not obvious, especially when patients with emphysema develop pneumothorax, it is difficult to detect any signs. However, when a larger amount of pneumothorax occurs, inspection will reveal that the affected side of the chest is bulging and respiratory movements are reduced. Upon palpation, the trachea usually shifts towards the healthy side, tactile fremitus on the affected side is reduced, percussion results in hyperresonance or tympany, and auscultation shows reduced breath sounds, which can disappear in severe cases.

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Written by Xia Bao Jun
Pulmonology
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Pneumothorax tracheal shift to which side?

When a patient suffers a pneumothorax, the trachea is displaced to the opposite side, and the heart is also shifted to the opposite side. In cases of left-sided pneumothorax, the heart's dullness boundary and the upper boundary of the liver during right-sided pneumothorax are both undetectable. There can be manifestations of subcutaneous emphysema in the neck, chest, and even the head and abdomen. The patient may exhibit diminished respiratory movements and a significant reduction or absence of breath sounds. When a small amount of air accumulates in the pleural cavity, weakened breath sounds on the affected side may be the only suspicious sign.

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Written by Yuan Qing
Pulmonology
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The fastest method for spontaneous pneumothorax recovery.

Pneumothorax is mainly caused by various reasons that allow air inside the lungs to enter the pleural cavity, resulting in the accumulation of gas and the compression of the lung, reducing its volume. Clinically, for patients with lung compression not exceeding 30%, a conservative approach is typically chosen, which involves allowing the patients to heal naturally. For these patients who wish to accelerate their recovery, it is generally recommended to inhale high concentrations of oxygen, which can aid in the healing of the lungs. Additionally, it is important to increase nutrition and protein intake to enhance lung repair and recovery.

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Written by Li Tao
Pulmonology
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Pneumothorax is what disease?

Pneumothorax refers to the condition where gas enters the pleural cavity. Normally, the pleural cavity is a sealed space formed by the visceral pleura covering the lung surface and the parietal pleura on the chest wall. When gas enters the pleural cavity due to some reason, causing a state of gas accumulation, it is called pneumothorax. The causes of pneumothorax can be diseases of the lungs themselves or gas produced after the lungs and chest wall are injured by external forces. Typically, the condition occurs when the pleura near the lung surface ruptures, allowing gas to enter the pleural cavity, which is referred to as pneumothorax.

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Written by Zhang Zhi Gong
Cardiothoracic Surgery
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How many days does it take for a pneumothorax to heal?

The healing time for a patient with pneumothorax, or how many days it takes to heal, mainly depends on when the rupture on the lung heals. In younger patients who have good elasticity and strong healing capabilities, and whose nutrition keeps up, pneumothorax tends to heal relatively easily. Especially in younger patients experiencing pneumothorax for the first time, 70-80% may heal within two to three days because the gas escapes very quickly. Once the surface rupture on the lung heals, it can be cleared within a day, leading to healing. However, if the patient is older and also has conditions like tuberculosis or chronic bronchitis, the elasticity of the lungs is poorer, making healing difficult. Like a balloon without elasticity, if it gets a rupture, it may continue to expand, complicating the prediction of healing time. Regardless of age, whether the patient is young or old, if pneumothorax recurs a second time, it is advisable to seek aggressive treatment. Patients who have experienced pneumothorax twice are at more than a 70% to 80% risk of a third occurrence. This indicates a weak spot on the lung surface, similar to a wound on the hand. If a hand wound does not heal in a few days, it can be sutured. The same applies to lung surface wounds; as it is located inside the chest cavity, a thoracoscope is needed for suturing. Thus, in normal circumstances, pneumothorax could heal in a few days, but if repeatedly delayed, aggressive treatment might be necessary.