Funnel chest surgery principle

Written by Zhang Zhi Gong
Cardiothoracic Surgery
Updated on October 26, 2024
00:00
00:00

The Wang procedure, named after Director Wang Wenlin from the Second People's Hospital of Guangdong Province, is a surgical method for correcting pectus excavatum. Traditional minimally invasive techniques for correcting pectus excavatum, such as the Nuss procedure or its modifications, involve placing a metal bar under or behind the sternum, forming an arch to lift the depressed area, similar to a traditional arch bridge. In contrast, the Wang procedure positions the metal bar on top and in front of the sunken sternum, and then uses stainless steel wires to suspend the deformed sternum forward and upward, transforming the traditional arch into a modern cable-stayed bridge, thus suspending the depressed chest area.

Other Voices

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Zhang Zhi Gong
Cardiothoracic Surgery
53sec home-news-image

Can people with pectus excavatum join the military?

Theoretically, the current conscription system does not have strict restrictions on mild cases of pectus excavatum. However, obvious moderate or severe pectus excavatum, or sternums that are inwardly and backwardly concave, can significantly impact the function of both the heart and lungs by compressing them. This inward concavity can restrict the heart’s ability to fully expand, potentially causing complete deformation of the heart, or even prevent the heart’s valves from closing fully, leading to valve regurgitation. Such compromised cardiac and pulmonary functions are likely unable to withstand the physical demands experienced during military service. Therefore, for moderate and severe cases of pectus excavatum, we do not recommend enlisting in the military, although the current policy does not have clear restrictions on mild cases of pectus excavatum.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Zhang Zhi Gong
Cardiothoracic Surgery
59sec home-news-image

Pectus Excavatum should visit which department?

Pectus excavatum should be consulted with which department? Pectus excavatum is a type of congenital chest wall deformity, accounting for over 90% of all anterior chest wall deformities, and is primarily characterized by a depression in the middle of the chest wall that sinks inward and backward. As it is a congenital deformity, it can be noticed in children soon after birth, around the age of three to five, especially during bathing. This deformity may worsen with the patient's age, so you might consider consulting the pediatric health department. However, this indentation usually intensifies during puberty, and the pediatric health department primarily provides consultation services. If you seek a comprehensive assessment and treatment for pectus excavatum, you should consult the thoracic surgery department, which offers a range of treatments from surgical to non-surgical methods. Therefore, it is recommended to first consult the thoracic surgery department, followed by the pediatric health department.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Zhang Zhi Gong
Cardiothoracic Surgery
1min 13sec home-news-image

Minimally invasive surgery for pectus excavatum

Pectus excavatum minimally invasive surgery currently comes in two varieties. The first resembles a variation of the traditional Nuss procedure, which involves making a small incision under the patient's armpit and inserting a pre-shaped trapezoidal steel plate through this small hole to the back of the depressed breastbone. The steel plate is then flipped to push out the depression. Because it requires only a one to two centimeter incision on the patient, it is considered much less invasive compared to the traditional Nuss procedure which requires two incisions. There is also another type of minimally invasive surgery which involves bilateral incisions but does not require flipping the steel plate, thus avoiding damage associated with flipping and muscle disruption between the ribs. This is also considered a current minimally invasive surgical technique. Additionally, there is the recent Wang procedure, which is also minimally invasive, requiring only one incision and not necessitating access behind the breastbone. However, it is generally suitable only for younger patients with softer breastbones. For older adults, the Wang procedure might not be appropriate and further observation is required.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Zhang Zhi Gong
Cardiothoracic Surgery
1min 32sec home-news-image

What should be noted for pectus excavatum in daily life?

The biggest difference between children with pectus excavatum and normal children lies in the middle chest bone structure sinking backwards and inward toward the spine, creating a deformity where the front chest and the back compress each other. Naturally, this completely compresses the normal position of the heart and lungs. Therefore, the heart of such children is compressed and deformed, pushing the entire heart to one side. We have encountered clinically cases where there are just a few millimeters of space between the sternum and the spine, leaving no room for the heart, thus completely compressing and pushing it to the left side. Imagine a heart, completely compressed and deformed, where the valves inside cannot function normally. Hence, some children may exhibit insufficiencies in their tricuspid and mitral valves. Therefore, in children with pectus excavatum, their heart is under pressure, their valves deformed, leading to poor cardiac function, and their lung function is also compromised. Since the lungs also need space to expand, lungs that are completely compressed cannot fully relax, resulting in such children having poor cardiac and lung functions, reduced exercise endurance, and since the lungs cannot fully expand, such children are prone to catching colds. Thus, for children with pectus excavatum, it is important to avoid catching colds. Moreover, treating the root cause of the condition, which is pectus excavatum itself, is crucial. Therefore, correcting pectus excavatum early on is essential.

doctor image
home-news-image
Written by Zhang Zhi Gong
Cardiothoracic Surgery
53sec home-news-image

Pectus excavatum should go to which department?

Regarding the registration of patients or children with pectus excavatum, if it is for children and the consultation is only about the hereditary aspect of pectus excavatum or its etiology, consider registering at the pediatrics or child health department. It is also feasible to consult the genetics department. If the consultation is about treatment options for pectus excavatum, including methods of treatment, consider registering at the thoracic surgery department. Thoracic surgery can provide advice and methods for the treatment of pectus excavatum, including both surgical and non-surgical options. Of course, not all hospitals have a thoracic surgery department; generally, municipal third-level, first-class hospitals are equipped with thoracic surgery departments. If there is no thoracic surgery available, consider registering under the general surgery department.