Chronic Renal Failure Clinical Manifestations

Written by Zhang Hui
Nephrology
Updated on September 21, 2024
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Patients with chronic renal failure may exhibit fatigue, which is mainly due to anemia. Patients with stage three or higher chronic renal failure generally have anemia, which can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, palpitations, and pallor. Additionally, patients may experience nausea and vomiting, which are primarily caused by an increase in toxins. Furthermore, patients may also exhibit symptoms such as edema and shortness of breath, as individuals with chronic renal failure typically experience reduced urine output. A higher intake than output over time can lead to an increased circulating blood volume, resulting in heart failure.

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Written by Wang Fei Long
Nephrology
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Chronic Renal Failure Replacement Therapy

Chronic kidney failure is the irreversible loss of nephron units and kidney function caused by the progressive progression of chronic kidney disease, leading to a clinical syndrome characterized by the retention of metabolic products and toxins, disturbances in electrolyte and acid-base balance, and endocrine disorders. Chronic kidney failure often progresses to end-stage kidney disease, and the late stage of chronic kidney failure is called the uremic stage. After entering the uremic stage, renal replacement therapy is often required, with the main methods being hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and kidney transplantation.

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Written by Zhou Qi
Nephrology
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Why does chronic renal failure cause vomiting?

Patients with chronic renal failure who experience vomiting generally indicates that their condition has become very severe. Typically, from stage four of chronic kidney disease onwards, a large amount of metabolic waste accumulates in the body, and patients may have severe metabolic acidosis, among other issues. These conditions can cause edema of the gastrointestinal mucosa, and these metabolic wastes can also irritate the gastrointestinal tract, leading to symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. Of course, besides these reasons, other gastrointestinal diseases such as chronic gastritis, gastric ulcers, and even gastric cancer should also be ruled out.

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Written by Zhou Qi
Nephrology
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Chronic Kidney Failure Various Indicators

In patients with chronic kidney failure, the primary indicator to observe is obviously kidney function. It is essential to regularly monitor the patient's blood creatinine and urea nitrogen levels, which are generally required to be tested every 1 to 3 months when chronic kidney failure is stable. Additionally, urine output should be monitored. If there is a decrease in urine output and swelling occurs, it may indicate that the patient's kidney function is continuously deteriorating. A complete blood count should also be checked to observe changes in the patient's anemia status. Chronic kidney failure often causes hypertension, so blood pressure monitoring is also necessary for these patients. Electrolyte monitoring is important as kidney failure can lead to disturbances in calcium and phosphorus metabolism and subsequent secondary hyperparathyroidism. Therefore, the levels of calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone also need to be tested.

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Written by Zhou Qi
Nephrology
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Is stage five chronic kidney failure serious?

Strictly speaking, there is no condition called "chronic renal failure stage five," but there is a term "chronic kidney disease stage five." Chronic kidney disease is divided into five stages based on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Stage five chronic kidney disease indicates that the patient's GFR is less than 15 milliliters per minute, which is about 15% of normal kidney function and is essentially equivalent to uremia. Therefore, chronic renal failure or chronic kidney disease stage five is very dangerous and can cause many complications. Moreover, this type of kidney failure is irreversible and incurable, and the patient may need to undergo dialysis or a kidney transplant.

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Written by Zhou Qi
Nephrology
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Can chronic renal failure be cured?

Chronic kidney failure is irreversible and incurable, with no possibility of kidney function recovery. There are many causes of chronic kidney failure, commonly including diabetic nephropathy, hypertensive nephropathy, chronic nephritis, polycystic kidney disease, etc. These causes affect the kidneys over the long term, resulting in extensive damage to kidney tissues. Since kidney tissues cannot regenerate, chronic kidney failure is incurable and irreversible. Patients with chronic kidney failure still require treatment to control the underlying causes leading to the condition, aiming to slow down the progression of the disease as much as possible, prolong the patient’s life, and ensure the quality of life. This is the primary goal of treatment.