What should be avoided with rheumatic heart disease?

Written by Zhang Yue Mei
Cardiology
Updated on September 12, 2024
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Patients with rheumatic heart disease should avoid overexertion and getting angry. Both overexertion and anger can increase the heart's burden, leading to a worsening of the heart disease. Patients should consume easily digestible foods and avoid spicy and greasy foods because these can cause indigestion or gastrointestinal symptoms, which in turn can increase the burden on the heart. A low-salt diet is also recommended; avoid eating overly salty dishes. Consuming foods high in salt can lead to retention of sodium and water in the blood, which increases the heart's burden, and in severe cases, can lead to heart failure.

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Written by Di Zhi Yong
Cardiology
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Can rheumatic heart disease eat seafood?

For patients with rheumatic heart disease, it is recommended to avoid seafood in their diet. This is because seafood is relatively stimulating and can cause allergic reactions in patients. It is advisable for patients with rheumatic heart disease to follow a light diet, especially consuming easily digestible foods. During this period, the gastrointestinal function of patients is not very good, and there may be some congestion in the gastrointestinal tract, leading to a decrease in appetite. Therefore, it is even more important to eat foods that are easy to digest and pass through the digestive system. It is also important to maintain regular bowel movements. Particularly, spicy and stimulating foods should be avoided. Moreover, regular check-ups of the electrocardiogram and cardiac ultrasound are necessary.

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Written by Xie Zhi Hong
Cardiology
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Can rheumatic heart disease with enlarged heart be treated with surgery?

Patients with rheumatic heart disease generally present with valvular insufficiency or severe stenosis. If the patient's heart is enlarged and the ejection fraction significantly decreases, for example, if the left ventricular diastolic diameter is greater than 75, and the ejection fraction is less than 30%, the surgical outcome may be poor. This is particularly the case if there is associated pulmonary arterial hypertension, which may lead to no improvement in condition after surgery, indicating a poor surgical outcome. However, if the patient has severe stenosis or insufficiency of the valve function, not performing surgery could further worsen the condition.

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Written by Wang Lei
Cardiology
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Is rheumatic heart disease considered a serious illness?

In the case of rheumatic heart disease, it spans different stages of the disease. In its early stage, it can affect the heart valves to a certain extent. However, this impact may progressively worsen over time. Thus, the initial effects on the heart are not severe. Once it causes mitral valve regurgitation, patients often exhibit clear symptoms, such as chest tightness and shortness of breath after activity, and in severe cases, pulmonary edema, coughing, and expectoration of bloody sputum. Severe cases can lead to nocturnal insomnia and orthopnea, presenting with paroxysmal breathing difficulties. These symptoms indicate cardiac function failure, a serious condition. Therefore, inadequate or delayed treatment can be life-threatening.

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Written by Zhang Yue Mei
Cardiology
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Can rheumatic heart disease be inherited?

Rheumatic heart disease is not hereditary and it is not a genetic disease. Rheumatic heart disease is a hypersensitivity disease caused by an infection, especially following a streptococcal infection. This type of infection leads to the body producing antibodies. In some individuals, these antibodies combine with antigens, causing inflammation of the collagen tissue and affecting the heart. This results in inflammatory lesions on the heart valves, causing the valves to become narrowed or fail to close completely, leading to pathological changes known as rheumatic heart disease.

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Written by Wang Lei
Cardiology
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Does rheumatic heart disease require surgery?

Patients with rheumatic heart disease primarily have involvement of valvular lesions, with the most common being accumulation in the mitral valve, leading to mitral stenosis. In the early stage of the disease, mitral stenosis often has no clinical symptoms and can only be detected through physical examinations, such as auscultation, which may reveal mitral valve murmurs. For patients with asymptomatic rheumatic heart disease, conservative treatment is primarily advised, which includes rest and reducing cardiac load to avoid surgery. Additionally, for severe rheumatic heart disease, mitral stenosis can be very serious, affecting the patient's cardiac function and causing symptoms such as chest tightness and fatigue after activity, and even paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea and inability to lie flat at night. In such cases, surgical treatment is required, such as mitral valvuloplasty or prosthetic valve replacement surgery. Thus, surgery is necessary in the late stages of rheumatic heart disease.