Subscribe
Peptic ulcer
How to treat peptic ulcers?
The treatment of peptic ulcers should be based on specific causes, as well as the patient's gender, age, medical history, and medication history, among other factors. Generally speaking, the primary cause of peptic ulcers is usually Helicobacter pylori infection. Therefore, the first step is to test for Helicobacter pylori. If Helicobacter pylori is present, antibacterial treatment is required, with the first choice being quadruple therapy, which includes a proton pump inhibitor, two types of antibiotics, and a bismuth agent, administered over a 10 to 14-day treatment course. If there is no Helicobacter pylori infection, the first choice would be proton pump inhibitors and gastric mucosal protective drugs, combined with symptomatic treatment. Meanwhile, it is crucial for patients with peptic ulcers to develop good eating and living habits, and relaxing their mindset can also be helpful.
The main symptoms of peptic ulcers
Common types of peptic ulcers, including gastric ulcers, duodenal bulb ulcers, complex ulcers, and anastomotic ulcers after gastric resection, share common characteristics and have their own distinct symptoms. Abdominal pain is a usual symptom. The pain from duodenal bulb ulcers tends to be dull, bloating, or blunt, and it is generally more noticeable when hungry. The pain often eases after eating as food neutralizes stomach acid. Sometimes, there is pain at night. If the ulcer is beyond the bulb or is a penetrating ulcer, it often comes with back pain; gastric ulcers primarily manifest as postprandial pain, meaning pain occurring half an hour to an hour after eating, which gradually alleviates; complex ulcers often present with both types of symptoms mentioned above. As peptic ulcers are often associated with excessive stomach acid, symptoms like acid reflux, heartburn, and nausea are common.
Clinical characteristics of peptic ulcer
The main cause of peptic ulcers is believed to be infection by Helicobacter pylori. Other factors such as smoking, alcohol, poor diet, living habits, medication use, or emotional issues can also play a role. Clinically, these ulcers are often characterized by upper abdominal pain. In the case of gastric ulcers, the pain is primarily in the upper left abdomen or below the sternum, and can manifest as dull pain, blunt pain, or a feeling of distension. This pain is often more apparent after meals, commonly occurring half an hour to an hour after eating, and usually subsides two to three hours later. Duodenal bulb ulcers are characterized by upper abdominal muscular pain, occurring around two centimeters above and to the right of the navel, sometimes accompanied by nighttime pain. If the ulcer is located behind the bulb, back pain can also occur. Peptic ulcers can lead to other complications, such as perforation, bleeding, or even cancer.