Subscribe
Kidney stones
What should not be eaten with kidney stones
Patients with kidney stones do not have absolute dietary prohibitions. However, it is advisable to consume less food high in calcium, oxalates, and purines. Foods high in purines are mainly found in seafood, animal offal, beer, and beverages. High-calcium foods are primarily found in soy products and dairy products, such as soy milk, tofu, and cow's milk. Foods high in oxalates include celery, spinach, etc. These foods can be consumed in moderation in daily life, but should not be used in large amounts over a long period to avoid further growth and increase of stones. It is also important to drink plenty of water, urinate frequently, and engage in appropriate physical exercise to effectively prevent the occurrence of kidney stones. Additionally, for patients who have already developed kidney stones, it is necessary to timely decide on conservative stone expulsion or surgical treatment based on the size of the stones.
Are kidney stones severe?
The severity of kidney stones depends on the size of the stones and their location. For example, stones within the kidney parenchyma, if not large and not moving, generally do not cause much trouble. However, if the stones block the area of the renal pelvis and calyces, or even move downward to block the ureter, causing the urine produced by the kidneys to not be excreted smoothly, it will cause the patient to experience renal colic. This type of pain is very intense, radiating to the back and causing abdominal pain, as well as pain in the perineal area. Patients often may also experience fever and other clinical symptoms. Prolonged obstruction of the urinary system can lead to renal failure, which is quite dangerous.
Is kidney stone surgery painful?
For the treatment of kidney stones, larger kidney stones or multiple stones, stag-horn stones might consider surgical treatment. There are two types of surgery, the first is percutaneous nephrolithotomy, which involves inserting a nephroscope through a puncture in the kidney to break up and expel the stones from the body; the second type of surgery is ureteroscopy, which does not require an incision, by entering the kidney through the urethra and ureter, and then breaking up the stones and expelling them from the body. Both surgical methods are performed under anesthesia, so the patient will not feel pain. However, pain after ureteroscopy is typically less than that after percutaneous nephrolithotomy, which requires absolute bed rest post-operation, while ureteroscopy does not.
What is the best treatment for kidney stones?
The treatment methods for kidney stones vary based on the size of the stone and whether it causes obstruction. If the kidney stone is relatively small and can pass through the ureter and urethra on its own, no special treatment is needed. In such cases, drinking more water, urinating frequently, and jumping can help the stone to pass naturally. If the kidney stone is relatively large but does not cause obstruction in the kidney or bladder, these patients can be temporarily observed with regular check-ups to monitor the stone's condition, without needing special treatment. Only when a large stone gets stuck at the junction of the renal pelvis, ureter, or urethra during its passage does it cause urinary obstruction, and the patient may also experience pain. In such cases, the treatment generally involves surgically removing the stone.
Early symptoms of kidney stones in women
The initial symptoms of kidney stones in women vary depending on the size of the stone and whether the stone causes an obstruction. Generally, during the early stages of kidney stones, the stones are relatively small and do not cause obstruction in the kidney or bladder, and typically do not present any symptoms. However, if a small stone moves downward and accidentally gets stuck in a naturally narrow part of the ureter, it can cause symptoms such as pain and discomfort in the lower back, nausea, and vomiting. If the stone gets stuck at the junction of the ureter and the bladder, it irritates the bladder mucosa, leading to symptoms of frequent urination, urgent urination, and painful urination. However, small stones generally pass on their own. Analgesics can be used for symptomatic treatment. Additionally, medications that dilate the ureter, along with drinking plenty of water and physical activity such as jumping, generally help the stone to pass.
What are the symptoms of kidney stones?
The symptoms of kidney stones vary depending on the size of the stones and whether they cause obstruction. If the stones are relatively small, they can usually pass smoothly through the ureters and urethra and be expelled from the body without causing any symptoms. When the stones are expelled, small stones can be seen in the urine. If the kidney stones are relatively large but do not cause obstruction in the kidneys or bladder, they generally do not cause any symptoms. Symptoms occur only when larger stones move downward and become lodged in the ureters, causing back pain, nausea, and vomiting. The stones can scratch the walls of the ureters, leading to blood in the urine. When stones get stuck in the urethra, it can cause painful urination discomfort and perineal pain. Since the stones can scratch the inner walls of the urethra, they may also cause blood in the urine.
What should be noted for kidney stones?
If you have kidney stones, you should avoid vigorous exercise and heavy physical labor in daily life, and avoid eating foods that may aggravate kidney stones. For example, do not eat persimmons, drink tea, consume tofu, or eat too many soy products, etc. The reason to avoid persimmons is that they contain tannins, which can contact stomach acid and more easily bond with plant fibers, forming a stone that may worsen kidney stones. In other aspects, pay attention to a light diet because inflammation is more likely to occur with kidney stones, so avoid eating spicy and stimulating foods. It is recommended that patients go to a regular hospital for examination and treatment.
Causes of Kidney Stones
The causes of kidney stone formation include the following: One reason is the increased amount of stone-forming components in the urine. Various factors that cause an increase in the concentration of salts, uric acid, oxalates, and cystine in the urine can exceed their solubility. This results in the precipitation and crystallization from the urine, which further grows into stones. For example, hyperuricemia can lead to an increased excretion of urinary uric acid, making it easy to form urate stones. Secondly, the reduction in urine substances that inhibit stone formation, including decreases in citrate and magnesium, can promote stone formation. Third, urinary tract obstruction and infection can lead to stone formation. In cases of urinary tract obstruction and poor urine flow, small crystals formed in the urine can easily adhere to the epithelial cells of the urinary tract, becoming the nucleus of the stone. Urinary tract obstruction may also lead to urinary tract infections where bacteria, pus, and damaged, necrotic epithelial cells can also form the core of stones and gradually develop into larger stones. Fourth, diet and hydration play significant roles. Long-term, high intake of high-protein, high-sodium, high-sugar foods can cause increased excretion of urinary calcium and uric acid, while reducing citrate levels, thus promoting stone formation. A decrease in water intake can also cause urine concentration, further promoting stone formation. Fifth, environmental factors and genetic factors are considered to be related to the formation of kidney stones. It is believed that the hardness of water and genetic factors also have certain relationships with kidney stone formation.
Which department should I go to for kidney stones?
After developing kidney stones, it is necessary to promptly visit the urology department of a hospital for examination and treatment. Diagnostic procedures such as ultrasound, CT scans, and imaging are required to determine the exact location and size of the stones. If the stone inside the kidney is small, around five millimeters, this can often be managed by increasing water intake, frequent urination, exercising, and using medications such as stone-expelling granules and effervescent agents to facilitate the expulsion of the stones from the body. If the stone is large and causes hydronephrosis of the kidney, surgery is recommended as soon as possible. If there is a concurrent infection, it is necessary to control the infection before proceeding with surgical treatment.
What department should I go to for kidney stones?
Kidney stones fall under the category of urological diseases. If one suffers from kidney stones, it is necessary to visit a hospital and register at the urology department. Examinations such as color ultrasound and CT scans are required to precisely determine the stone's location and size, and to check if it is accompanied by spinal infection or other conditions for appropriate treatment. If the stone within the kidney is comparatively small, such as about 5 millimeters, conservative treatment to facilitate stone expulsion is generally adopted. This can be achieved through increased water intake and frequent urination, physical exercise, in conjunction with medications like stone-expelling granules and solutions to promote the expulsion of the stone from the body. If the stone is larger and causes renal accumulation of fluid or even infection, it is necessary to first control the infection before proceeding with surgical intervention.