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hydronephrosis
Can people with hydronephrosis drink water?
Whether patients with hydronephrosis can drink water depends on whether the hydronephrosis has been resolved. Hydronephrosis occurs due to a blockage in the urinary system, often caused by inflammation, scarring, or adhesions of the ureters, or by obstructions such as stones or tumors in the urinary tract, or possibly by an enlarged prostate, leading to the inability of the bladder to properly expel urine. In summary, when the urine produced by the kidneys cannot be properly expelled from the body, it leads to the expansion of the renal pelvis and calyces, known as hydronephrosis. Drinking water at this time can certainly aggravate the condition of hydronephrosis if the body is already struggling to expel fluids. Therefore, if this blockage remains unresolved, patients should limit their intake of fluids. However, if the obstruction is cleared and the urinary tract is smooth, allowing urine to be expelled normally, drinking water is permissible.
Is hydronephrosis of the second degree severe?
Hydronephrosis grade two, this "grade two" is likely a classification used in ultrasound or CT imaging. For hydronephrosis, the presence of condition itself indicates that the pathology has already affected kidney function. The most common causes include ureteral obstruction, or obstruction at the renal pelvis exit, typically due to stones or tumors, or narrowing caused by plastic tubes. Once hydronephrosis occurs, these conditions have already altered kidney function, necessitating further diagnosis to identify the cause, with surgery possibly being required. The most common objective assessment is a CT scan of the urinary system, with enhanced CT being the most accurate for understanding the severity of the hydronephrosis. Also, it helps identify the location of the ureteral obstruction, and thirdly, it can help ascertain the cause and provide treatment.
Will people with hydronephrosis have edema?
Hydronephrosis can potentially cause patients to exhibit symptoms of edema. Urine is produced by the kidneys and is expelled from the body through the urinary system, including the ureters and bladder. If there is an obstructive issue in the urinary system, the urine produced by the kidneys cannot be excreted smoothly, leading to hydronephrosis. When a large amount of fluid cannot be excreted, it eventually causes edema in the body. However, if the patient has hydronephrosis on only one side and the other kidney is healthy, the healthy kidney can fully compensate for the entire kidney function and sufficiently excrete fluids. Therefore, patients with unilateral hydronephrosis often do not show obvious signs of edema. But if a patient has bilateral hydronephrosis, and urine produced by both kidneys cannot be excreted, the patient will exhibit signs of edema.
Is hydronephrosis scary?
Hydronephrosis is rather alarming, as it harms the body in two main ways: First, it creates increased pressure inside the kidneys due to fluid accumulation in the urinary system. This pressure can compress kidney tissue, and if not resolved, may lead to irreversible kidney damage and renal failure. However, if hydronephrosis formed in the short term is quickly addressed by clearing the urinary system, it typically has minimal impact on kidney function. Another aspect relates to the causes of hydronephrosis, some of which are complicated issues, such as bladder cancer, rectal cancer, or cervical cancer in females. These cancers can press on the ureter, leading to hydronephrosis. Other causes, such as urolithiasis or benign prostatic hyperplasia, are relatively easier to manage.
How to relieve pain from hydronephrosis
Hydronephrosis accompanied by pain is generally caused by kidney stones lodged in the ureter leading to renal colic, and the stones in the ureter can cause urinary obstruction, thus presenting as hydronephrosis. To alleviate the pain in such cases, treatment methods are chosen based on the size of the stone. If the kidney stone is relatively small and estimated to be able to pass by itself into the bladder, temporary use of pain relief medication can be administered for symptomatic treatment, along with medication that dilates the ureter to expand its diameter, facilitating the expulsion of the stone. If the stone is large and predicted not to pass on its own, temporary symptomatic treatment with pain relief medication can be used. Meanwhile, after completing preoperative examinations, surgery can be performed to remove the stone, which can also completely alleviate the pain symptoms.
How is hydronephrosis diagnosed?
Strictly speaking, hydronephrosis cannot be considered an independent disease; it is merely a descriptive term in imaging, and is the result of many causes and various etiologies. It occurs because urine produced by the kidneys cannot smoothly pass through the ureters and bladder to be excreted from the body, leading to fluid accumulation in the renal pelvis and calyces. This may be caused by prostate enlargement, tumors in the urinary system, urinary system stones, or chronic inflammation and scarring of the ureters. Generally, hydronephrosis can be detected through imaging techniques, including urinary system ultrasound or CT, which can confirm the diagnosis.
Kidney hydronephrosis atrophy symptoms
Severe hydronephrosis may cause kidney atrophy. The symptoms of the patient can be divided into two aspects: Firstly, hydronephrosis may cause some clinical symptoms, such as some patients may experience swelling in the lumbar and back area, and a decrease in urine output. Patients may suffer from spasms of the ureter due to obstruction of the urinary system, resulting in severe pain, and some patients may also have hematuria. On the other hand, the atrophy of kidney tissue caused by this hydronephrosis actually means the loss of kidney function. Patients may exhibit symptoms of renal failure, such as swelling of limbs, increased blood pressure, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, anemia, and other clinical symptoms.
How is hydronephrosis detected?
The kidneys have a very strong compensatory ability. In the early stages of hydronephrosis, the amount of fluid may not be large, or the duration may not be long, and usually, the patient may have no symptoms. Hydronephrosis is often discovered during health examinations or through ultrasound or CT scans performed during hospital stays. Of course, if the hydronephrosis persists for too long and the volume is very large, the patient can gradually feel discomfort or a distended sensation in the lower back or upper abdomen. Moreover, if the hydronephrosis is caused by kidney stones, the patient often experiences severe back pain, and there might even be visible blood in the urine. Hydronephrosis can also lead to symptoms of urinary tract infections such as frequent urination, urgent urination, and painful urination. Prolonged hydronephrosis can lead to a decline in kidney function, resulting in symptoms like fatigue, loss of appetite, and poor overall health. Therefore, it is crucial for patients to undergo regular ultrasound examinations of the kidneys to detect hydronephrosis early.
Should people with hydronephrosis avoid certain foods?
Although there are many causes leading to hydronephrosis in patients, most hydronephrosis is related to stones, meaning that hydronephrosis occurs in patients due to ureteral kidney stones. Therefore, dietary restrictions are necessary for patients with hydronephrosis in daily life. If the hydronephrosis is caused by calcium oxalate stones, patients should avoid consuming foods that are high in calcium and oxalates, such as nuts, legumes, spinach, and beets. If the hydronephrosis is due to the formation of uric acid stones, patients should also avoid consuming excessive amounts of animal organs, such as pork liver and kidneys, avoid seafood, and try not to drink beer, as these contain a high amount of purines, which can easily lead to stone formation. Additionally, if patients with hydronephrosis also have renal insufficiency, they should follow a low-salt diet and avoid consuming particularly salty foods, including various pickles, etc.
Is hydronephrosis of both kidneys serious?
Clinically, bilateral hydronephrosis is serious, as it can lead to expansion of the renal pelvis. Long-term bilateral hydronephrosis can compress the renal parenchyma, leading to the development of chronic obstructive nephropathy, and thus cause chronic renal failure. Additionally, because urine cannot be expelled from the body in a timely manner in bilateral hydronephrosis, it is easy to combine with bacterial infections, which can lead to acute pyelonephritis. Patients may experience chills, fever, and severe back pain, as well as hematuria and general fatigue. Therefore, it is essential to identify the cause of bilateral hydronephrosis and treat it based on the nature of the hydronephrosis. Usually, the causes of bilateral hydronephrosis are related to stones, but tumorous diseases, bladder stones, or urethral strictures are also common causes.