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Cataract
Cataract is what?
All sorts of reasons, such as aging, genetics, local nutritional disorders, immune and metabolic abnormalities, trauma, poisoning, radiation, etc., can cause metabolic disorders in the lens, leading to the denaturation of the lens proteins and resulting in opacity known as cataract. At this point, the light is obstructed by the opaque lens and cannot be projected onto the retina, causing blurred vision. It is commonly seen in people over the age of forty, and the incidence increases with age. This disease can be divided into congenital cataracts and acquired cataracts. Congenital cataracts are also known as developmental cataracts, and there are six types of acquired cataracts.
The difference between floaters and cataracts
Floater disease is a vitreous opacity, while cataract is a lens opacity; these two conditions are not the same issue. Vitreous opacities can be classified as physiological or pathological. Physiological vitreous opacities appear as moving objects in front of the eyes, which are less noticeable in the dark and more noticeable under bright light; cataracts gradually affect vision. Physiological vitreous opacities in floater disease generally do not affect vision, but pathological vitreous opacities do affect vision. An eye ultrasound shows severe vitreous opacities and retinal changes, whereas the cloudiness in the lens, namely cataracts, usually means the vitreous and retina are normal.
What are the symptoms of cataracts?
Cataracts are caused by the clouding of the lens, leading to a decline in vision. Early symptoms include blurred vision, sometimes seeing black spots, and some patients report a significant decrease in vision in dim light, with both near and distant vision being unclear. As cataracts progress, the decline in vision becomes more pronounced, severely affecting the quality of life. Some patients with cataracts may also experience double vision, changes in color perception, and a significant decrease in vision, requiring surgical treatment.