Subscribe
200
Chen Tian Jing
Colorectal Surgery
About me
Master's degree, specializing in research and treatment of colorectal surgery.
Proficient in diseases
Mixed hemorrhoids, internal hemorrhoids, external hemorrhoids, anal papillitis, perianal abscess, anal fistula, anal sinusitis, anal fissure, perianal abscess, pruritus ani.
Voices
Does a second surgery for a perianal abscess hurt?
When it comes to a second surgery for a perianal abscess, it is generally recommended to proceed directly with spinal anesthesia. Simple local anesthesia might be more painful for the patient, as spinal anesthesia does not cause pain sensations. If there is pain after the surgery, one can opt for oral painkillers or a combination of pain relief pump treatments. Alternatively, pain relief gel can be applied to the wound to alleviate pain before each dressing change. Therefore, after the onset of a perianal abscess, whether it is the first or second surgery, it is essential to operate as soon as possible, and to disinfect and change dressings postoperatively to prevent pseudo-healing or secondary recurrent infections. To relieve pain, painkillers can be chosen. Before or after each bowel movement, one may use clean water for local cleansing to soothe the sphincter and prevent fecal residue.
How to deal with a ruptured perianal abscess?
Perianal abscesses that recur or occur acutely may locally form an abscess or pus pocket. If the abscess or pus ruptures, secretions will flow out of the abscess cavity around the anus, further leading to the formation of an anal fistula. After the perianal abscess ruptures, it is necessary to promptly perform local debridement, mainly to thoroughly remove the pus from the abscess cavity and to further disinfect the area. After a typical anal fistula forms, surgical treatment involving a fistulotomy with seton placement is required. The principle of the surgery is to completely remove the local infection while preserving the function of the anal sphincter muscles. Subsequent dressing changes and application of ointments or growth factor gels are necessary to promote normal growth of the granulation tissue.
Why does a perianal abscess recur?
Perianal abscess is an infectious disease of the local skin and tissues around the anus caused by an infection in the anal crypts. If a perianal abscess is not treated with a definitive one-time surgical intervention, it is very likely to recur, or after rupture of the abscess, to form an anal fistula with long-term intermittent discharge of pus from an external opening. Therefore, during the acute phase of a perianal abscess, once a distinct abscess cavity and pus formation occurs, it is necessary to promptly perform a one-time definitive surgical treatment of the perianal abscess, rather than choosing conservative medication treatment or simple incision and drainage. The above treatments only temporarily alleviate symptoms of a perianal abscess; only a one-time definitive surgery that completely cleans the local wound can result in the complete healing of the perianal abscess.
Can a colonoscopy be performed with an anal fissure?
Patients with anal fissures are advised not to undergo colonoscopy, primarily because the procedure involves inserting the colonoscope through the anus, and anal fissures typically occur within the local sphincter muscles. The passage, or repeated movement, of the probe can cause local fissures to experience painful stimulation, or even worsen the symptoms of the fissures, increasing the likelihood of pain and bleeding for the patient afterwards. Therefore, if patients with anal fissures wish to undergo colonoscopy, they should first receive appropriate medical treatment and wait for the local fissures to heal or be completely cured before undergoing the procedure. If a colonoscopy is necessary, a lubricant can also be applied to the anal region to reduce the irritation of the colonoscope on local fissures.
What anti-inflammatory medication should be taken for a perianal abscess?
If the perianal abscess is in the acute phase, one can opt for oral medication that clears heat, cools the blood, reduces swelling, and relieves pain, specifically designed for hemorrhoids, and it can be combined with oral antibiotics for anti-inflammatory treatment. However, treating a perianal abscess with oral medication alone can only alleviate symptoms or prevent the pus cavity from spreading too quickly, and does not provide a radical cure. The definitive treatment for a perianal abscess primarily involves surgery. The surgical method generally used is a one-time radical surgery for perianal abscesses, as the abscess forms a pus cavity and pus under the skin around the anus. Therefore, the surgery initially requires draining of the local pus, followed by thorough debridement of the walls of the pus cavity to allow fresh granulation tissue to regrow, filling the wound and facilitating the recovery of the local wound. (Note: This answer is for reference only. Please consult a doctor and follow the guidance of a professional physician before using any medication. Do not self-medicate.)
Hemorrhoids bleeding and rectal cancer bleeding
Hemorrhoids or colorectal cancer can both cause local bleeding in the anal area, but there are clear differences between hemorrhoidal bleeding and colorectal cancer bleeding in clinical practice. Hemorrhoidal bleeding is mostly bright red and does not mix with the stool; it is separate bleeding. It may manifest as blood on the finger, or as dripping or spurting blood. Colorectal cancer bleeding, on the other hand, is generally dark red and mixes with the stool, sometimes accompanied by pus and blood. Bleeding from colorectal cancer mainly occurs in the late stages of the disease, usually caused by local mucosal ulceration or tumor rupture. During hemorrhoidal bleeding, an anal scope examination can reveal clear bleeding points above and below the dentate line, while bleeding from colorectal cancer requires examination with an electronic colonoscope to observe the local tumor area, which may show mucosal damage or ulcers.
Will anal fistula cause bleeding during bowel movements?
If an anal fistula occurs, during the acute phase of the anal fistula, or when the internal and external openings of the anal fistula are ulcerated, there may also be bleeding during defecation. However, the bleeding from defecation due to an anal fistula is generally minor, and occasionally pus may also be discharged from the anus, or pus may be discharged from the external opening, causing itching or stinging of the skin around the external opening. If local pain or bleeding from defecation occurs with an anal fistula, prompt local anti-inflammatory treatment is needed; an anti-inflammatory ointment can be chosen for local application. However, the fundamental treatment for an anal fistula still requires surgery. It is generally recommended to directly perform a fistulotomy with seton placement to completely heal the fistula and prevent recurrent episodes.
What is the internal opening of a perianal abscess?
The internal opening of a perianal abscess primarily refers to the anal crypt. It forms an infection site due to prolonged, repeated inflammatory infections, generally characterized by distinct pus discharge from the internal opening. Therefore, perianal abscesses tend to form a local internal opening near the anus along with intermittent pus discharge. If the perianal abscess acutely flares up or the pus cavity spreads, it might also rupture, causing pus to exit from an external opening, thereby leading to the formation of a typical anal fistula. During the acute phase of a perianal abscess, if there is local internal opening pain or pus discharge, it is recommended to seek surgical treatment as soon as possible. The primary method of surgery is aimed at radical treatment in one session. The principle involves opening the local pus cavity to allow for the discharge of pus, followed by a thorough debridement and removal of the local infection site. However, it is necessary to preserve the function of the local anal sphincter. If needed, a seton procedure may also be performed.
What are the symptoms of anal fistula?
The clinical symptoms of anal fistula are mainly manifested as intermittent discharge of secretion from the local external opening near the anus, accompanied by varying degrees of pain in the anal area, and occasionally, pus is expelled with the stool. The main reason for its formation is that the anal fistula not only has an external opening, but also an internal opening near the dentate line of the anal canal. The internal opening discharges pus intermittently due to the stimulation of local inflammation. The composition of an anal fistula includes the internal and external openings, as well as the fistula tract that connects them; therefore, simply using medication cannot completely eliminate this lesion. The treatment of anal fistula is mainly surgical, aimed at removing the local lesion, with the principle of preserving the anal sphincter to avoid damage to it, which could affect the patient's future life.
How many days of antibiotic injections are needed to treat a perianal abscess?
During the acute phase of a perianal abscess, the main focus is on the nature of the local abscess. If it is a hard swelling without pus formation, anti-inflammatory injections or antibiotics can be used for symptomatic treatment. Generally, a five to seven-day course of antibiotic and anti-inflammatory treatment can reduce the local swelling, but it cannot guarantee a 100% chance of non-recurrence in the future. If a local pus cavity or swelling has already formed, and there is pus formation, simply using anti-inflammatory injections for symptomatic treatment will not be curative. Surgery is also required, mainly involving opening the local pus cavity, cleaning out the pus thoroughly, and removing local infection foci to promote normal growth of fresh granulation tissue, which could then lead to the healing of the local wound.