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Yue Hua
Obstetrics and Gynecology
About me
Undergraduate degree, associate chief physician.
Proficient in diseases
With over 30 years of experience working in obstetrics and gynecology, I have rich clinical experience and theoretical knowledge. I specialize in the prevention and treatment of common gynecological diseases, with extensive experience in the diagnosis and treatment of vaginitis, menstrual disorders, uterine fibroids, and polycystic ovarian syndrome. I have abundant clinical experience in prenatal care and various surgeries related to family planning (such as artificial abortion surgery, IUD placement and removal). I have a wealth of clinical experience in preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative care, as well as unique insights into contraception and family planning.
Voices
Can postpartum depression have a second child?
Postpartum depression does not preclude having a second child, as most patients generally recover within a year after childbirth. However, there is a 50% chance of recurrence if one decides to have another child. Therefore, for such pregnant women, certain preparations should be made during pregnancy, such as educating them about childbirth and pregnancy knowledge. Once equipped with this knowledge, the expectant mothers can better manage their self-care. Additionally, during childbirth, it is essential to provide the patient with ample love and patience, especially for those who experience longer labor and greater psychological stress, requiring patient explanations of the childbirth process.
What are endometrial polyps?
Endometrial polyps refer to excessive proliferation of the endometrial lining, forming polyp-like tissues. Patients typically experience irregular vaginal bleeding, primarily manifesting as minor vaginal bleeding after menstrual periods have ended. Upon visiting the hospital and undergoing a vaginal ultrasound examination, a polyp-like tissue can be detected within the uterine cavity. Once identified, a hysteroscopy or diagnostic curettage is required to remove these tissues. Subsequently, a pathological examination must be conducted to clearly determine the cause and nature of the polyps.
How long is it normal to bleed after a natural miscarriage?
A natural miscarriage generally stops bleeding within a week; if the bleeding continues beyond a week, it is considered abnormal. This is because in most cases of natural miscarriage, the embryo and the decidua are expelled together, followed by uterine contractions, resulting in some vaginal bleeding. Normally, such bleeding should not persist beyond a week. If vaginal bleeding continues past this period, an ultrasound should be conducted to examine whether the uterine cavity is clean and free of any residual embryonic tissue. If remnants are found, it may be necessary to take some medications to promote blood circulation and remove the residual tissues.
What does postpartum hemorrhage feel like?
Postpartum hemorrhage refers to the condition where, within 24 hours after vaginal delivery, the amount of blood loss reaches 500 milliliters, and in the case of a cesarean section, the blood loss amounts to 1000 milliliters. During this time, the woman may experience a substantial amount of bleeding from the vagina, along with large blood clots. The primary cause of this condition is often significantly associated with poor contraction of the uterine muscles. Post-delivery, the blood sinuses in the uterine muscle layer are open, requiring the uterus to contract. If the contractions are inadequate, it may lead to bleeding from these blood sinuses. Additionally, bleeding could also potentially stem from post-surgical wounds, such as those from a cesarean section or wounds from vaginal delivery.
Postpartum Hemorrhage Emergency Response Process
Firstly, it is necessary to administer IV fluids to the patient and establish two venous accesses to urgently replenish blood volume. Then, it is important to manage breathing to ensure the patient's airway is clear, and provide oxygen if necessary. Patient's vital signs should also be checked for any abnormalities. Additionally, treatment should be given based on the cause of bleeding. If the bleeding is due to poor uterine contraction, it is crucial to promptly enhance uterine contractions to quickly stop the bleeding. At this time, uterotonic agents can be used, or manual uterine massage can be employed to stem the bleeding. If the bleeding is caused by a surgical incision, then the incision needs to be sutured properly.
What are the symptoms of postpartum depression?
The primary clinical manifestation of postpartum depression is depression, which typically develops within two weeks after childbirth. The symptoms are most pronounced between four to six weeks postpartum. Affected women may display suppressed moods, apathy, reluctance to interact with others, and even estrangement from their husbands. Some may show a lack of confidence in life and family, decreased initiative, and express weariness of life. Additionally, they might have poor concentration, significantly reduced appetite and libido, and some individuals may also experience headaches and dizziness, among other symptoms.
Where to seek treatment for postpartum depression?
Postpartum depression is a type of mental illness in puerperal women, so it is best for such women to see a psychiatrist, as psychological treatment for depression is very important. The key is to enhance the patient's self-confidence and raise their self-esteem. Additionally, it can provide individualized psychological counseling based on the patient’s personality traits, psychological state, and the causes of the condition, and it can eliminate the psychological factors causing the illness. Common clinical treatments include medication and psychological counseling.
How to investigate endometrial polyps?
Endometrial polyps require an ultrasound examination to be detected, as they are located within the uterine cavity and cannot be seen by a gynecological examination alone. Under ultrasound, one can see a polyp-like object in the uterine cavity, which usually measures only a few millimeters, although some may be about ten or more millimeters in size. Certainly, if possible, a hysteroscopy can also identify them. However, generally, an ultrasound is conducted first to observe the endometrial polyps, followed by a hysteroscopy to remove them.
Causes of Anemia in Late Pregnancy
Anemia can be categorized into several different types, each caused by different reasons. Iron-deficiency anemia occurs in late pregnancy when the intake or absorption of iron by pregnant women is insufficient. Megaloblastic anemia is caused by a deficiency of folate or vitamin B12 in the patient's body. Additionally, there is thalassemia, which is caused by a genetic deficiency in the patient, leading to anemia in the fetus as well. Another type is aplastic anemia, which is caused by abnormal bone marrow hematopoietic function leading to anemia.
Premature rupture of membranes requires what examinations?
To diagnose premature rupture of membranes, first, a pH test of the vaginal fluid must be conducted. The normal pH value of vaginal fluid in women ranges from 4.5 to 5.5, whereas the pH of amniotic fluid ranges from 7.0 to 7.5. If the membranes have ruptured prematurely, the pH value would be greater than 6.5. Additionally, a smear test of the vaginal fluid can be done by placing vaginal secretions under a glass slide and examining them under a microscope. If fern-like crystals are observed, this indicates the presence of amniotic fluid. Furthermore, an ultrasound examination can be conducted. If the ultrasound shows a rapid decrease in the amount of amniotic fluid, this can assist in the diagnosis.