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Xiong Hong Hai
Infectious Disease
About me
With 9 years of clinical experience, currently working as an attending physician in the Department of Infectious Diseases at Ji'an Central People's Hospital. Also a member of the Ji'an Liver Disease Society.
Proficient in diseases
Specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of various infectious diseases such as HIV, HBV with HBsAg positive, HBV with HBeAg positive, rabies, pulmonary tuberculosis, lymph node tuberculosis, fatty liver, alcoholic liver disease, cirrhosis, liver cancer, and HCV.
Voices
Can rabies be cured?
Rabies is a fatal disease, resulting in a 100% fatality rate once infected. It cannot be completely cured. The reason rabies leads to 100% mortality is that after the rabies virus infects the human body, it continuously ascends to the brain, where it proliferates extensively, destroying brain tissue and leading to brain function depletion, a condition that is untreatable. Therefore, in dealing with rabies, it is crucial to focus on prevention. If exposed to rabies, it is necessary to receive the rabies vaccine.
Does rabies spread through saliva?
Rabies is primarily transmitted through saliva. The rabies virus is likely to be present in the saliva of dogs or cats during the symptomatic phase. Dogs or cats carrying the rabies virus have a high concentration of the virus in their saliva during this phase. If bitten by an animal in this stage, there is a significant risk of infection. Prevention measures should be based on the actual situation, including vaccination against rabies and local administration of rabies immunoglobulin at the wound site. Rabies is a fatal disease with no treatment available, but it is preventable.
How long can rabies antibodies last?
Antibodies for rabies generally last for a relatively long time. According to the 2016 rabies prevention guidelines, if the rabies vaccine is administered systematically and sufficient levels of rabies antibodies are produced, then three to five years later, the vast majority of people can still detect effective levels of rabies antibodies. Nowadays, the detection of rabies antibodies is also quite convenient, so if one has been vaccinated against rabies before and is exposed again, it is possible to first test for rabies antibodies to determine whether there is a need to vaccinate again.
Can rabies be treated?
Rabies, once contracted, is incurable and leads to a 100% fatality rate. The reason rabies is incurable primarily stems from the rabies virus invading the human body and proliferating extensively within the brain's nerves. This leads to the destruction of brain tissues and the exhaustion of brain functions, making it impossible to treat. Therefore, prevention of rabies is crucial. If there is exposure to the rabies virus, it is necessary to administer the rabies vaccine, and in some cases, it may also be necessary to administer rabies immunoglobulin concurrently.
What are some common early symptoms of tuberculosis?
Patients with tuberculosis tend to exhibit symptoms such as cough, expectoration, low-grade fever, night sweats, afternoon feverishness, and blood in sputum in the early stages. Systemic symptoms of tuberculosis include afternoon feverishness, which refers to the body temperature starting to rise in the afternoon and returning to normal by early morning. Night sweats refer to sweating profusely during sleep, which stops upon waking. These tuberculosis-related symptoms are commonly seen in the early stages of the disease.
Is rabies contagious?
Rabies is a contagious disease, and currently, rabies is primarily transmitted by bites or scratches from rabid dogs. Additionally, there are risks of infection from bites by cats during their symptomatic phase, as well as from bats. Transmission from human to human is extremely rare. The rabies virus mainly resides in the saliva of dogs or cats during their symptomatic phase. Therefore, the risk is significant if bitten by a rabid dog. Rabies is a fatal disease, with an infection leading to 100% mortality, which makes prevention crucial.
Does rabies cause fever?
Rabies can also cause fever when it occurs. During the prodromal period, it typically presents as a low fever and is often accompanied by marked fear of water, light, and wind. It can cause throat spasms and severe agitation. Rabies is a fatal disease with a 100% fatality rate once contracted. Therefore, it is crucial to take preventive measures against rabies, and professional quarantine and symptomatic treatment are required once the disease manifests.
How to diagnose and treat a patient with AIDS who also has gonorrhea?
Patients with AIDS who are also infected with gonorrhea need simultaneous treatment and management. If the AIDS is still in its early stage and the CD4 cells are in a high state, gonorrhea can be treated first, as its treatment is relatively straightforward, primarily involving the use of potent antibiotics. Usually, a course of treatment lasting about one to two weeks can essentially cure it. After curing gonorrhea, anti-HIV treatment can be administered, which tends to be more effective. Both gonorrhea and AIDS are sexually transmitted diseases and can easily co-infect.
How is rabies transmitted?
Rabies is primarily contracted through bites from rabid dogs who have not been vaccinated against the disease. The rabies virus is present in the saliva of rabid dogs, cats, and there is also a risk of infection from bats if they carry the rabies virus and one is bitten by such a bat. Generally, rabies infection occurs through bites or scratches from animals carrying the rabies virus; there have been no cases of transmission from human to human. Rabies is a fatal disease, so if there is exposure, it is essential to take preventive measures, as there is no cure.
Tuberculous pericarditis differential diagnosis
The differential diagnosis of tuberculous pericarditis requires differentiation from other types of pericardial inflammation, such as bacterial pericarditis and nonspecific infections that lead to cellular inflammation of the pericardium. In addition to infections that can cause pericarditis, other infectious diseases such as subacute endocarditis and infections caused by other microbes can also lead to pericarditis. Furthermore, some rheumatic autoimmune diseases can also present with pericarditis. It is necessary to perform pericardiocentesis and fluid examination to determine the specific cause.