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Zheng Xin
Ophthalmology
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Does trichiasis require a fundus examination?
Trichiasis refers to a condition where the eyelashes grow inward toward the eyeball, a sign related to the eye. Common symptoms include a foreign body sensation in the eye, photophobia, tearing, and even eye pain. Generally, an ophthalmologist can confirm the diagnosis with an examination under a slit lamp microscope. Therefore, it is not necessary to perform a fundus examination for trichiasis; a diagnosis can be clearly established just by using a slit lamp microscope examination.
Refractive errors should include:
Refractive errors include myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and anisometropia. Myopia can be divided into refractive myopia and axial myopia. Hyperopia can also be categorized based on the state of accommodation into manifest hyperopia, latent hyperopia, and total hyperopia. Astigmatism is divided into simple hyperopic astigmatism, simple myopic astigmatism, compound myopic astigmatism, compound hyperopic astigmatism, and mixed astigmatism.
Must glaucoma undergo surgery?
Glaucoma is a group of diseases characterized by pathological increase in intraocular pressure that causes damage to the optic nerve and visual field defects. The treatment for glaucoma can include conservative management and surgical interventions. The primary goal of treatment is to control intraocular pressure and delay the progression of optic nerve damage. Generally, intraocular pressure can be controlled with medication; if medication fails to control the pressure, surgery may be necessary to manage it.
How to correct refractive errors
Refractive errors include myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and anisometropia. The correction of myopia can be achieved using appropriate concave lenses, while hyperopia requires suitable convex lenses for correction. The correction of astigmatism depends on the degree and axis differences, so it is necessary to use lenses with the appropriate degree and axis for correction. Anisometropia, due to the significant difference in the degree between the two eyes, requires consideration of the sufficient degree and the correction of the magnification rate of the retinal image during correction.
How to relieve headaches caused by astigmatism in the eyes?
Eyestrain and headache can be understood in two senses: First, if one experiences astigmatism when viewing objects, accompanied by headaches and eye pain, it is possible that glaucoma is present. This condition is also associated with increased eye pressure and swelling pain in the eyes. If this is the case, treatment to lower eye pressure and treat glaucoma is necessary. The second meaning involves astigmatism identified through an eye examination, indicating a refractive error. If the astigmatism correction in the glasses worn is not suitable, prolonged viewing can lead to visual fatigue, eye pain, and accompanying headaches. In this case, a detailed eye examination followed by wearing appropriate glasses is needed to alleviate the symptoms.
What should I do if nearsightedness is inherited by my child?
Not all myopia is hereditary, but high myopia does have a genetic component. The occurrence of myopia is mainly related to genetic and environmental factors. If there are children in the family with a history of high myopia, they should develop good eye habits from a young age, or undergo genetic testing for high myopia. If myopia occurs, it can be corrected by wearing glasses, or by refractive surgery after reaching adulthood.
Permanent treatment for trichiasis
Trichiasis refers to the condition where eyelashes grow inward towards the eyeball, and generally, there are two types. One type is caused by the inward turning of the eyelid, known as entropion. The treatment for this type of trichiasis involves correcting the entropion, which can be achieved through corrective surgery for entropion, thereby treating the trichiasis. The other type is simply the inward growth of the eyelashes themselves. This type of trichiasis can be treated with electrolysis, where an electric needle is used to destroy the hair follicles. Once the follicles are destroyed, the eyelashes will no longer regrow, effectively curing the condition.
Does glaucoma require surgery?
There are many types of glaucoma, such as primary angle-closure glaucoma, open-angle glaucoma, and normal-tension glaucoma. Once glaucoma is definitively diagnosed, medication can be used first to control intraocular pressure. If medications cannot control the pressure, surgery may be considered. However, generally, if it is early stage, and there is no damage to vision or visual field, with not very high intraocular pressure, medication can be considered first. If the intraocular pressure remains very high, medication fails to stabilize it, and there is a decline in vision or damage to the visual field, then surgery is needed.