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Yao Li Qin
Pediatrics
About me
Practicing physician, graduated from the Department of Pediatrics with a bachelor's degree from university, has been working in pediatric internal medicine for twenty-five years.
Proficient in diseases
Specializes in common pediatric diseases such as colds, pneumonia, diarrhea, eczema, neonatal jaundice, infant feeding, and more.
Voices
How is rickets treated with injections?
Rickets, also known as vitamin D deficiency rickets, is a chronic nutritional disease characterized by skeletal lesions, caused by insufficient vitamin D in children, leading to disturbances in calcium and phosphorus metabolism. The typical manifestation of rickets is incomplete mineralization of the growing long bone epiphyses and bone tissue, presenting as bone softening or deformity. Once rickets is diagnosed, it must be treated aggressively. First, children are given high doses of vitamin D, either orally or through intramuscular injection, with a common practice of administering a single dose of 300,000 units of vitamin D intramuscularly. A month later, a blood sample is taken to measure the vitamin D content; if it is below normal, treatment must continue; if it is within the normal range, it is only necessary to supplement the daily physiological requirement of vitamin D for the child. (Specific medication should be administered under the guidance of a physician.)
Tetralogy of Fallot electrocardiogram manifestations
Tetralogy of Fallot is a common type of cyanotic congenital heart disease, primarily composed of four structural components: first, a ventricular septal defect; second, an overriding aorta; third, hypertrophy of the right ventricle; and fourth, obstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract. When performing an electrocardiogram (ECG) on Tetralogy of Fallot, it often shows right ventricular hypertrophy, and can also display right atrial hypertrophy. Initially, there may be hypertrophy of both the left and right ventricles. As the child develops cyanosis, it progressively evolves into hypertrophy of the right ventricle. These are the typical ECG findings in Tetralogy of Fallot.
Pediatric diarrhea bacterial infections are most commonly seen in what?
Pediatric diarrhea is a condition caused by various causes and factors, mainly characterized by an increase in the frequency of bowel movements and changes in stool characteristics. A portion of this condition is caused by bacterial infections, particularly in the summer when enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli gastroenteritis is a likely cause. In such cases, children may experience vomiting, persistent diarrhea, and severe dehydration. Additionally, if the child's stool contains mucus and pus, or is a pus-blood stool, it is generally considered to be caused by bacterial dysentery bacilli. If the stool is jam-like with more blood and less stool, amoebic dysentery should be considered. Other invasive bacterial infections, such as invasive E. coli gastroenteritis, jejunal Campylobacter gastroenteritis, or Salmonella gastroenteritis, are also common bacterial infections.
How is Kawasaki disease treated?
Kawasaki disease, also known as mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, can cause damage to the coronary arteries in untreated children, so it is crucial to treat the disease promptly once diagnosed. This disease generally occurs sporadically or in small outbreaks and can occur in any season, predominantly affecting infants and young children. The main treatment for Kawasaki disease is aspirin, which not only reduces fever but also helps reduce coronary artery lesions. Additionally, intravenous immunoglobulin is administered; however, the use of corticosteroids in Kawasaki disease is still somewhat controversial. Other treatments mainly include antiplatelet aggregation agents such as dipyridamole, and symptomatic supportive care for the child, including fluid supplementation, heart protection, control of heart failure, and correction of arrhythmias. For severe coronary artery lesions, coronary artery bypass surgery may be required. (Please use medication under the guidance of a professional physician.)
Can children with eczema take cephalosporins?
Children with eczema can take cephalosporin antibiotics, provided that the child is not allergic to cephalosporins. As long as there is no allergy to cephalosporins, it will not cause any issue. However, some children with eczema are also of an allergic constitution, and in such cases, many medications are not suitable. If it is necessary for a child to take cephalosporins for the first time due to a medical condition, a skin test must be conducted. Only if the skin test shows no problems, then cephalosporins can be administered to the child. During the course of taking cephalosporins, it is crucial to closely monitor the child to see if an allergic rash, like hives, appears. Eczema in children is not directly related to cephalosporins, so as long as there is no allergy to cephalosporins and there is a bacterial infection that the doctor advises to treat with this medication, it can be used under the doctor's guidance.
What medicine is used for thrush?
Thrush is caused by an infection with Candida albicans, commonly appearing as a white, membrane-like layer in the mouths of infants that is difficult to wipe off. In such cases, it is important to administer medication promptly. Typically, this involves alternately applying a solution of sodium bicarbonate and an antifungal suspension. Additionally, all items that enter the mouth must be sterilized at high temperatures. With the aforementioned treatment, thrush can generally be well-controlled. If a child is on long-term antibiotics or corticosteroids, preventive application of sodium bicarbonate should be considered. For some newborns, it may be necessary to use antifungals to prevent the occurrence of thrush. (Note: Medication should be administered under the guidance of a professional doctor.)
Pediatric eczema should be treated in which department?
Children with eczema primarily exhibit symptoms of red, oozing plaques on the facial skin and the skin throughout the body, and even a seborrheic dermatitis-like appearance. Pediatric eczema is classified into dry eczema and the common exudative eczema. Once a child has eczema, the general treatment involves moisturizing care, and attention should be paid to the child's diet. For severe cases of eczema, medical consultation is necessary. Pediatric eczema falls under pediatric dermatology, so visiting the pediatric dermatology department at a children's hospital is appropriate. If a general hospital lacks a pediatric dermatology department, pediatricians also have extensive experience in treating pediatric eczema, so visiting a pediatric outpatient clinic is also advisable.
How to treat paronychia in infants and toddlers?
If an infant has paronychia, it indicates that there is local damage and bacterial infection. In such cases, it is crucial to seek medical attention promptly. The doctor will thoroughly disinfect the area affected by paronychia, and for severe cases with abscesses, debridement may be necessary. Generally, if parents try to disinfect the child’s wound, they might not be able to adequately treat some deep infections. Therefore, it is still necessary to go to the hospital. After the doctor treats the wound, regular visits to the hospital for dressing changes are needed for a thorough treatment of the infant's paronychia. If the paronychia is severe and accompanied by a systemic infection, treatment under the guidance of a hospital doctor with antibiotics may also be required.
How to relieve nasal congestion in children with a cold
Nasal congestion is a common symptom of a cold in children. When the congestion is severe, it can affect the child's daily life, making breathing uncomfortable and causing the child to become irritable. Therefore, it is important to address it promptly. First, ensure the child drinks plenty of water and you can apply a warm towel to the base of the nose. If there is a lot of nasal discharge, it should be cleaned out timely. You can use physiological saline to rinse the nasal cavity, thereby keeping the nasal passages clear. You can also give the child some cold medicine for children, which can completely relieve the nasal congestion. These are some specific methods on how to deal with nasal congestion during a child's cold, which you can try.
Where does eczema occur in children?
Infant eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a common type of skin lesion in children. It mainly manifests as proliferative and exudative, and it is inflammatory. Infant eczema can appear all over the body. However, most children have it on their faces, and some children have it on their chests, particularly severe cases can have eczema all over their bodies. Once eczema is diagnosed, it is essential to first moisturize the affected skin areas to relieve the child's discomfort, and then use mild corticosteroid creams under the guidance of a doctor. For facial eczema, parents must apply a thick layer of baby moisturizer. Additionally, eczema in the ear area, especially inside the external auditory canal, might sometimes discharge yellowish fluid. Therefore, it is crucial to apply moisturizer thickly in these areas. These areas can cause significant discomfort for the child, so proactive treatment is very important.