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Tang Bo
Neurology
About me
Studied for a master's degree at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University and currently works at Nanshan District People's Hospital in Shenzhen.
Proficient in diseases
Specializes in neurology diseases related to cerebral infarction, myasthenia gravis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, dizziness, migraines, and neurosis.
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Types of myasthenia gravis crisis
Myasthenic crises are categorized into three types, all resulting from worsening conditions or improper treatment, leading to respiratory muscle weakness or paralysis and subsequent difficulty in breathing. The first type occurs due to various triggers or reduction in medication, or after the application of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors which temporarily alleviate the crisis, known as the cholinergic crisis. The second type is a result of excessive use of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors during a cholinergic crisis. Beyond respiratory difficulties, symptoms may also include signs of toxicity such as vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, pupil constriction, excessive sweating, drooling, increased tracheal secretions, and potential muscle tremors, spasms, as well as anxiety, insomnia, confusion, seizures, and coma. The third type is the paradoxical crisis, where neither ceasing nor increasing medication doses alleviates the symptoms, typically occurring after long-term, high-dose medication use.
How is facial neuritis best treated?
The treatment of facial neuritis primarily aims to improve local blood circulation, alleviate facial nerve edema, relieve nerve compression, and promote the recovery of nerve function. Therefore, its treatment includes medication, which mainly nourishes the nerves, and may also involve antiviral drugs and corticosteroids. Physiotherapy, particularly post-acute phase, can include acupuncture or infrared radiation and local heat application. Eye protection is also necessary because patients with facial neuritis may not be able to fully close their eyelids, leaving the cornea exposed and susceptible to infection. Finally, rehabilitation treatment includes acupuncture, which is also part of the mentioned physiotherapy.
What are the clinical manifestations of epilepsy?
Epilepsy is caused by abnormal discharges of brain cells, and the symptoms and clinical manifestations vary depending on the area of discharge. Main symptoms can include sudden loss of consciousness, rigidity followed by clonic convulsions, and may also involve cyanosis or purpling of the face, tongue biting, frothing at the mouth, urinary incontinence, dilated pupils, continuing for several seconds to minutes before stopping. This condition is called a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Some patients may also experience sudden brief loss of consciousness and interruption of ongoing actions, with a blank stare and unresponsive to calls. They may perform simple automatic actions like swallowing or chewing. Generally, there is no falling, and the patient has no memory of the episode afterwards. This type of seizure is known as an absence seizure. Additionally, some may experience rigidity and clonic convulsions in one limb or a localized area, etc.
How many years can a person live with a lacunar stroke?
Lacunar stroke occurs when the small arteries within our brain undergo pathological changes due to long-term high blood pressure, leading to occlusion of the vessel lumen and consequently forming small stroke lesions. Generally, patients may exhibit symptoms, but these symptoms are usually mild. However, some patients are diagnosed during physical examinations. Regardless of the case, the prognosis is good, and lacunar stroke does not pose a life-threatening risk. Nevertheless, once a lacunar stroke occurs, it is essential to further investigate the condition of the blood vessels and check for risk factors such as high blood pressure and diabetes. Based on the situation, secondary prevention should be carried out to prevent another stroke.
What department should I go to for a stroke?
Stroke is classified into ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. If symptoms of a stroke occur, such as slurred speech, limb weakness, or other neurological deficits, one should immediately seek medical attention at the emergency department of a local hospital. Emergency doctors will perform a head CT scan. If ischemia is present, the CT scan might not show changes within 24 hours, in which case a visit to the neurology department is necessary. If hemorrhage is detected, then a visit to the neurosurgery department is required. However, if the symptoms are of a chronic, old stroke, then a visit to the neurology department is needed.
Lacunar Infarct Nursing Issues
Lacunar stroke is caused by the blockage of small blood vessels in our skull due to long-term risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, or hyperlipidemia, leading to a stroke. Generally, the area of infarction is relatively small, typically less than 1.5 to 2 centimeters. Symptoms may or may not be present. In either case, the symptoms are usually mild and the prognosis is generally good. There are no special strict nursing requirements. If patients are active and can take care of themselves, they do not need special care. Furthermore, it is crucial to focus on secondary prevention, which is to prevent further occurrence of stroke, and to seek further treatment from a neurologist.
How is a brain encephalitis puncture performed?
The encephalitis you mentioned is considered a central nervous system infection. In this case, a definitive diagnosis requires a lumbar puncture, which you referred to as a puncture. The lumbar puncture requires the patient to be in the lateral recumbent position, then the puncture is performed in the interspaces between L1-L3 or L4-L5 on the back to collect cerebrospinal fluid and conduct tests. This also allows for the examination of pathogens and pressure measurements. After the lumbar puncture, the patient needs to lie flat for six hours with a pillow removed to prevent headaches due to low cranial pressure.
Facial neuritis should visit which department?
Facial neuritis should be treated by the Department of Neurology, but after the acute phase, physiotherapy can be performed at the Rehabilitation Department. Facial neuritis is caused by non-specific inflammation of the facial nerve within the stylomastoid foramen, leading to peripheral facial paralysis. The exact cause is currently unclear, but it is believed to be related to optic nerve viral infections. It usually occurs after exposure to cold and upper respiratory infections, and can occur at any age, most commonly between 20 and 40 years, with a higher incidence in males than females. It starts acutely, peaking within a few hours or days, mainly presenting as paralysis of the facial expression muscles, disappearance of forehead lines, inability to frown or wrinkle the forehead, and inability to close the eyelids or incomplete closure. Therefore, during the acute phase, treatment in the Department of Neurology is necessary, and rehabilitation treatment can be sought after the acute phase in the Rehabilitation Department.
Is epilepsy easy to treat?
Epilepsy is a disease for which the cause can be identified in some patients, while in others it may remain unknown. Initially, it is important to investigate the cause of epilepsy. Moreover, if an individual experiences multiple seizures, medication intervention becomes necessary. The primary goal of drug treatment for epilepsy is to control it and prevent further seizures, since each seizure can cause brain cell damage, potentially leading to long-term effects like memory decline and slower reaction times. Therefore, active control of epilepsy through medication is crucial. Whether epilepsy can be completely cured depends on its underlying cause. In some cases, identifying and eliminating the cause may prevent further seizures. However, for some patients, even if the cause is identified, such as a past stroke or tumors that induce epilepsy, seizures may continue even after the tumor is removed. Meanwhile, for epilepsy of unknown origins, the approach is to control the condition using medication to minimize the occurrence of seizures as much as possible, though it is not guaranteed that seizures will not happen again in the future.
Is lacunar infarction a serious illness?
Lacunar stroke is a condition where small blood vessels in the cerebral hemispheres or brainstem undergo pathological changes and eventually become occluded as a result of common risk factors such as prolonged hypertension or diabetes. This leads to the necrosis of brain tissue. Typically, the infarct size is less than 1.5 to 2 centimeters, resulting in clinical syndromes associated with impaired neurological functions governed by the affected area. Often, lacunar strokes may be asymptomatic in some patients, while others may experience mild symptoms. Generally, the prognosis of this disease is good.