Subscribe
82
Zhang Xiu Rong
Obstetrics and Gynecology
About me
I graduated from Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and have been working in the field of obstetrics and gynecology for over 20 years. I have attended advanced training programs at higher level hospitals and have published multiple national-level papers.
Proficient in diseases
Specializes in the treatment of common gynecological diseases, infertility, pelvic inflammatory disease, vaginitis, as well as the diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions.
Voices
Cervical polyp and cervical cancer differences
Cervical polyps are generally visible to the naked eye during a gynecological examination, and after the removal of cervical polyps, there should be no bleeding. Cervical cancer, on the other hand, is different. With cervical cancer, abnormalities can be seen on the surface of the cervix or, even if not visible to the naked eye, can generally be detected through cervical cancer screening. There is no issue with patients with cervical polyps undergoing cervical cancer screening. For patients with cervical cancer, cervical cancer screening typically includes TCT and HPV testing. If these tests show abnormalities, indicating cervical cancer or precancerous lesions, a biopsy is generally required for further diagnosis. There is a difference between the two; after a polyp is removed, there should be no further bleeding; whereas with cervical cancer, continuous bleeding, irregular bleeding, and an accompanying odor can occur.
Is the heritability of vulvar lichen sclerosus high?
Vulvar lichen sclerosus has a hereditary tendency, but the chances of inheritance are not high. The formation of vulvar lichen sclerosus is generally related to the individual's nutritional status and vulvar care. The main causes of vulvar lichen sclerosus are poor nutrition in the vulvar area, usually in patients with improper vulvar care, or patients with some other diseases, who exhibit significant vulvar itching. At this time, it is generally necessary to go to the hospital for a diagnosis of lichen sclerosus. If it is vulvar lichen sclerosus, it is mostly benign, with very few cases having a tendency to malignant transformation. Therefore, patients with vulvar lichen sclerosus must go to the hospital for a diagnosis and then receive treatment based on the examination results. There is no specific effective medication for this treatment, which belongs to a category of complex gynecological conditions. The effectiveness of this treatment is not very good, achieving relief from itching is already considered quite good. (Please use medication under the guidance of a professional physician, do not self-medicate.)
How to diagnose polycystic ovary syndrome?
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is a type of gynecological endocrine disorder. Clinically, it generally presents with symptoms such as menstrual irregularities, amenorrhea, obesity, infertility, acne, and hirsutism. If these symptoms appear, it is essential to visit a hospital for an ultrasound examination. The diagnosis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome can be made if more than 12 follicles are observed on a single sectional view of the ovaries during the ultrasound. In such cases, it is also necessary to have a blood test at the hospital to analyze six key sex hormones, including the ratio of luteinizing hormone to follicle-stimulating hormone, and the levels of testosterone. If the blood test shows high levels of luteinizing hormone and testosterone, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome can also be considered. A diagnosis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome can generally be confirmed through a combination of ultrasound and sex hormone tests, followed by targeted treatment based on the test results.
Causes of Candidal Vulvovaginitis
Candidal vulvitis is a fungal infection, also known as a yeast infection, generally caused by improper vulvar care. Normally, the vaginal environment is acidic. An overly clean environment caused by excessive use of medications or douching can also lead to a candida infection. Additionally, if vulvar hygiene is neglected and becomes infected with candida, candidal vulvitis can occur. Furthermore, long-term use of high doses of anti-inflammatory drugs can also lead to a disruption of the normal flora, resulting in a candida infection. Also, patients with diabetes who do not control their blood sugar well can develop candidal vulvitis. Therefore, if there is a candida infection, it is essential to visit a hospital for relevant examinations. Treatment should then be based on the examination results using appropriate topical medications. Generally, candida infections can improve significantly after a week of treatment.
What should I do if I have vaginitis?
Vaginitis requires a hospital examination. Because the bacteria responsible for vaginitis vary, the clinical manifestations and medications used also vary. If the vaginal discharge appears like curds or cottage cheese, it suggests yeast vaginitis, and it should be treated with medication specific for yeast infections. In the case of yeast vaginitis, if the discharge becomes watery and has a fishy smell, it generally indicates a trichomonas infection, for which medications such as metronidazole or tinidazole can be used topically. If the discharge is yellow, thick, and abundant, caused by bacteria or cervical erosion, it should be treated as bacterial vaginitis accordingly. Therefore, it is essential to have a laboratory test of the secretions at a hospital to determine the type of infection and treat it accordingly.
Can vulvar lichen sclerosus turn into cancer?
Patients with vulvar lichen sclerosus mostly do not have serious problems, but a very small number may develop vulvar cancer. There is a tendency towards malignant transformation, making vulvar lichen sclerosus a complicated gynecological condition. There is no specific cure for this disease, nor is there a particularly good treatment method available; the only option is to visit a hospital regularly for medication to alleviate symptoms. Therefore, as vulvar lichen sclerosus has a tendency to become malignant, if you feel discomfort, significant itching, or worsening of the condition, it is advisable to undergo a vulvar biopsy at a hospital to confirm whether there is a cancerous change. Thus, although the likelihood of cancer transformation in vulvar lichen sclerosus is not very high, it is still better for patients with this condition to seek treatment at larger hospitals.
Can amenorrhea undergo IVF?
Whether amenorrhea is suitable for IVF depends firstly on the cause of the amenorrhea. If the amenorrhea is due to ovarian failure, with an AMH value less than 1, indicating diminished ovarian function, IVF would not be successful in this scenario. However, if the AMH, indicating ovarian reserve, is greater than 1 and the amenorrhea is caused by hormonal imbalances, then IVF can be considered. If the amenorrhea is due to uterine adhesions, adhesion dissection can be performed. If, following the dissection, the endometrium develops well and the adhesions are treated, IVF can be considered. Moreover, if the amenorrhea is associated with conditions like galactorrhea-amenorrhea syndrome or polycystic ovarian syndrome, which are also due to hormonal imbalances, adjusting hormone levels to normal can also make IVF a viable option. Therefore, whether IVF is possible with amenorrhea depends on identifying the cause of the amenorrhea, and decisions can be made based on that.
Can cervical erosion be treated with the nine-valent vaccine?
Whether to get the nine-valent cervical cancer vaccine is unrelated to cervical erosion. The nine-valent cervical cancer vaccine is generally suitable for individuals under the age of 25. Those who are not within this age range cannot receive the nine-valent vaccine. Patients with cervical erosion should first go to the hospital for cervical cancer screening, typically involving a TCT and HPV test. TCT, also known as ThinPrep cytologic test, and HPV, known as the human papillomavirus, are used to preliminarily screen for cervical cancer and precancerous lesions. Therefore, patients with cervical erosion can receive the nine-valent vaccine as long as the cervical cancer screening shows no issues and they are under the age of 25.
What medicine is good for vulvar lichen sclerosus?
Vulvar lichen sclerosus is one of the complex gynecological conditions that is difficult to treat. Generally, tertiary hospitals can perform some physical treatments such as Hyfrecator therapy or traditional Chinese medicine fumigation to manage symptoms. This condition can only be controlled in terms of reducing itching and preventing further outbreaks, as there are rarely specific drugs available for targeted treatment. Currently, major hospitals may use local basal layer injections or topical medications for symptomatic treatment. Therefore, if you have vulvar lichen sclerosus, it is essential to seek treatment at a tertiary hospital, as smaller hospitals are generally unable to treat this condition.
Does cervical polyp require surgery?
Cervical polyps require surgery. Patients with cervical polyps may experience contact bleeding during intercourse and irregular bleeding. Therefore, if there are cervical polyps, surgery is needed for treatment. Generally, polyps can be removed during an outpatient procedure called cervical polypectomy. After the surgery, the removed tissue is sent for pathology analysis. Most of these polyps are benign, but there is a high likelihood of recurrence after surgery. Therefore, if you have cervical polyps, it is recommended to have surgery to remove them as soon as possible. It is difficult to achieve treatment goals with medication or other methods; surgery is needed to remove them. Thus, it is advisable to undergo surgery for cervical polyps as early as possible, as the surgery is inevitable.