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Zhang Xiu Rong
Obstetrics and Gynecology
About me
I graduated from Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and have been working in the field of obstetrics and gynecology for over 20 years. I have attended advanced training programs at higher level hospitals and have published multiple national-level papers.
Proficient in diseases
Specializes in the treatment of common gynecological diseases, infertility, pelvic inflammatory disease, vaginitis, as well as the diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions.
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How to check for endometrial polyps?
Endometrial polyp examinations are generally conducted through ultrasound at hospitals, which can provide a clear diagnosis. The best time for this ultrasound is within three to seven days after the end of menstruation. During this period, the thickness of the endometrium is between three to four millimeters, and the endometrial echo is uniform. If, during this period, the endometrial thickness is greater than four millimeters and the echo suggests unevenness, this generally indicates a high possibility of endometrial polyps. Patients with endometrial polyps typically experience shorter menstrual cycles, usually occurring every 20 days, with longer menstruation periods. Normally, the menstruation period lasts from three to seven days, but in patients with endometrial polyps, it can extend to over eight to ten days. Therefore, through symptoms and ultrasound, it is possible to determine whether there are endometrial polyps.
Can vaginitis be detected through a vaginal discharge test?
Vulvitis can generally be detected by examining the vaginal discharge. Normally, vaginal discharge is clear, transparent, odorless, and minimal which is considered normal. The majority of cases of vulvitis and vaginitis are due to abnormal secretions. At this time, a definitive diagnosis can be made through the analysis of these secretions. Usually, a routine secretion test at a hospital is sufficient. If the secretion is abnormal, treatment can be based on the type of infection indicated by the routine test results. Thus, most cases of vulvitis can be diagnosed through routine vaginal discharge tests. Patients with vulvitis generally improve after a week of treatment and should pay attention to vulvar hygiene after recovery to prevent infection.
Is bacterial vaginosis serious?
Bacterial vaginosis is not serious; it is a common disease among women. In most clinical cases, when women have vaginal inflammation, bacterial infection may occur. It is generally diagnosed through the analysis of secretions, and after confirming it is bacterial vaginosis, appropriate medication will be selected based on the test results for symptomatic treatment. It's a common condition among women, and after treatment, it is important to maintain good vulvar hygiene. If any discomfort occurs, it is crucial to visit the hospital promptly for further diagnosis and treatment. Bacterial vaginosis is easily treatable, typically showing improvement within a week of medication. If a recurrence occurs around the time of the next menstrual period, another course of treatment may be used. This disease is not serious and is commonly seen in women.
Does vulvitis cause an abnormal odor in vaginal discharge?
Vulvitis generally results in abnormal vaginal discharge, primarily characterized by abnormal secretions causing itching and odor in the vulva. Normally, vaginal discharge in women is clear, transparent, odorless, and minimal, which is considered normal. If the discharge has an odor, it most commonly suggests a bacterial infection or a trichomonas infection. In cases of trichomonas infection, the discharge typically has a fishy smell, is watery, and accompanied by itching, leading to vulvitis reactions. At this point, a secretion test at the hospital can be conducted, followed by targeted treatment based on the test results. Furthermore, bacterial vaginitis can also present with odorous discharge. This condition typically involves yellow, thick, abundant discharge, and vulval itching. Treatment can then be tailored based on examination results, selecting appropriate topical medications. (Medication should be used under the guidance of a doctor.)
What tests are done to diagnose endometritis?
Endometritis is generally definitively diagnosed by undergoing a diagnostic curettage at the hospital, where material is scraped and then sent for pathological examination to confirm the presence of endometritis. Clinically, the diagnosis of endometritis is mostly based on a combination of clinical symptoms and gynecological ultrasound examination. Patients with endometritis typically experience abdominal pain during menstruation, lower abdominal pain, and an unusual odor during their period. At such times, anti-inflammatory medication can be administered symptomatically. Most pelvic cases are considered to be anaerobic bacterial infections, thus medications targeting anaerobic bacteria can be used for symptomatic treatment. Therefore, while the definitive diagnosis of endometritis is established through diagnostic curettage, this procedure is invasive, and in most clinical cases, it is not performed. If endometritis is initially suspected, it is generally assessed through gynecological internal examination, ultrasound, and the patient's clinical manifestations and symptoms, followed by symptomatic treatment.
Will uterine polyps cause bleeding during intercourse?
Endometrial polyps generally do not cause bleeding after sexual intercourse. However, bleeding after sexual intercourse can occur if there are polyps in the cervical canal. Clinically, endometrial polyps generally present with shorter menstrual cycles, occurring every 20-something days. The period duration is also typically longer; normally, a period lasts from three to seven days. In patients with endometrial polyps, the period can extend up to eight or nine days. Under such circumstances, endometrial polyps are generally suspected, and patients are often advised to visit a hospital for an ultrasound to examine the thickness of the endometrial lining and its echo characteristics, allowing for a definitive diagnosis of endometrial polyps. Endometrial polyps do not cause bleeding after sexual intercourse. Bleeding after intercourse is generally considered clinically if there are conditions such as cervical cancer, precancerous cervical conditions, cervical polyps, or other cervical alterations. Thus, if bleeding after intercourse occurs, it is crucial to undergo cervical cancer screening at a hospital.
Moderate cervical erosion treatment duration
Patients with moderate cervical erosion can generally use topical medications for treatment. If treating with topical medications, it usually involves applying the medication for 7 to 10 days per month, continuing for three menstrual cycles before a follow-up examination. Alternatively, patients with moderate cervical erosion can opt for physical treatments such as laser therapy, electrocoagulation, or cryoablation. Typically, one or two sessions of such treatments can lead to improvement. After treatment using physical methods, the cervix usually returns to normal within two months. Furthermore, before patients with cervical erosion seek treatment at the hospital, they must first undergo cervical cancer screening to rule out cervical cancer and precancerous conditions. Only if cervical erosion is confirmed without accompanying cancerous or precancerous conditions, treatment with medication or laser can be considered. Cervical cancer screening typically involves a TCT (ThinPrep Cytologic Test) and HPV (Human Papillomavirus) virus testing. These tests help determine whether the cervical condition includes cancer or precancerous changes, and if it's only inflammation, then treatment with medication or laser is feasible.
Ectopic pregnancy medical conservative treatment
Under normal circumstances, the treatment of ectopic pregnancy is generally divided into conservative treatment and surgical treatment. Conservative treatment is usually applied when the ectopic pregnancy has not ruptured, using medication for about a week. After one week, a follow-up examination is done to check blood HCG levels and an ultrasound scan. If blood HCG levels have dropped significantly, the ultrasound shows that the mass has not grown, and the symptoms of abdominal pain have decreased, it indicates that the conservative treatment was successful. The threat is only considered resolved when blood HCG returns to normal levels. Otherwise, the conservative treatment for ectopic pregnancy may fail, and surgery will be necessary to treat the ectopic pregnancy symptomatically. If there is a particularly large amount of bleeding or a rupture has occurred, surgical treatment is the only option.
What are the symptoms of yeast vaginitis?
Candidal vaginitis, also known as yeast vaginitis, is a common gynecological condition in women. Clinically, the yeast infection manifests as curd-like or cottage cheese-like vaginal discharge. There is significant itching of the vulva. Generally, there is no foul odor. In severe cases of yeast vaginitis, there may be swelling of the vulva and extreme dryness in the vaginal area. Pain during intercourse or bloody discharge after intercourse may occur, which is why it is crucial for patients with yeast vaginitis to seek active treatment at a hospital. The first step in treatment involves going to the hospital to get a lab test of the discharge to confirm a yeast infection. If it is indeed a yeast infection, treatment can be administered according to the medication for yeast vaginitis. Typically, the symptoms can be alleviated after a week of treatment.
Little Tips for Treating Yeast Vaginitis
If you are looking for a home remedy for yeast vaginitis, you can typically use baking soda from home, or carbonated water, and then dilute it with water for rinsing. This can treat yeast vaginitis. However, the best treatment method is still to go to the hospital to obtain a secretion sample for testing. After confirming that it is yeast vaginitis, then based on the test results, select the appropriate medication for symptomatic treatment. Yeast vaginitis usually presents with abnormal vaginal discharge and itching, generally the discharge looks like cottage cheese or is curd-like. Therefore, most cases of yeast vaginitis need to be treated symptomatically with medication. If you prefer not to go to the hospital, you can also try washing at home with carbonated water or baking soda. Additionally, if you have yeast vaginitis, avoid consuming too many anti-inflammatory drugs, as they can exacerbate the condition.