Subscribe
27
Yan Qiao
Obstetrics and Gynecology
About me
Loudi Central Hospital, Department of Gynecology, Attending Physician.
Proficient in diseases
Diagnosis and treatment of common gynecological diseases.
Voices
How large must an ovarian teratoma be to require surgery?
Ovarian teratomas, if detected by ultrasound, are indicative of surgery regardless of the size of the tumor. However, it is essential to locate the lesion accurately to proceed with the surgery. For teratomas smaller than two centimeters, it can be quite challenging to find the lesion, which might lead to surgical failure. Additionally, this can increase the trauma for the patient and the costs of surgery. Thus, it is generally advised to perform surgery on teratomas that are larger than two centimeters to ensure a more reliable outcome. In cases where patients have other diseases in conjunction with a teratoma, it is also feasible to consider removing the teratoma during surgery for the other conditions, always attempting to thoroughly explore and locate the teratoma regardless of its size.
Symptoms of vulvar lichen sclerosus around the anus
Vulvar lichen sclerosus encompasses a multitude of different pathological types, primarily including simple lichen, sclerotic lichen, as well as lichen planus, Behcet's disease, vulvar vitiligo, and other secondary hypopigmentary disorders of the vulva. However, the primary conditions that can present with white lesions in the perianal area are sclerotic lichen and vulvar vitiligo. If the perianal white lesions are caused by vulvar vitiligo, they generally do not exhibit any symptoms and do not require special treatment. If the condition is sclerotic lichen, it may cause local pain, itching, and a burning sensation in the perianal area, particularly after defecation, which can lead to discomfort.
How to treat the symptoms of trichomoniasis vaginitis?
Trichomonas vaginitis is one of the common types of vaginitis in women and is classified as a sexually transmitted disease. It can cause symptoms of urinary tract infection by invading the urinary tract, such as frequent urination, urgent urination, painful urination, and even bloody urine. The main treatment involves the use of systemic medications, currently primarily nitroimidazole drugs, including metronidazole and tinidazole. The main treatment regimens include taking two pills of metronidazole as a single dose, two pills of tinidazole as a single dose, or 400 mg of metronidazole twice daily for seven consecutive days. Sexual partners need to be treated simultaneously, and unprotected sexual intercourse should be avoided during the treatment period. Within three months of treatment, patients should be re-examined, generally after the menstrual period is over. If three consecutive re-examinations are negative, it can be declared cured.
Can lichen sclerosus cause adhesions?
One of the main symptoms of vulvar lichen sclerosus is severe vulvar itching, which may result in noticeable skin lesions, usually caused by a vicious cycle of repeated scratching. In the early stages of the disease, the skin appears dark red or pink. As the condition worsens, the lesions may appear white, and later stages include thickening of the skin, hyperpigmentation, pronounced skin texture resembling lichenoid changes, and may also present with scratches, fissures, and ulcers. If vulvar hygiene is neglected, vulvitis is likely to develop, which can easily lead to vulvar adhesions.
What is vaginal inflammation during pregnancy?
Due to the increase in body weight and the rapid rise in hormone levels during pregnancy, pregnant women are prone to vaginitis, and the risk of infection may also significantly increase. The three more common types of vaginitis include trichomoniasis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, and bacterial vaginosis. The presence of these three types of vaginitis can manifest as an increase in vaginal discharge accompanied by vulvar itching. Specific tests for vaginitis are needed based on the characteristics of the vaginal discharge and the results of the vaginitis tests, to determine the specific type of vaginitis and treat accordingly based on the type.
Does cervical polyp surgery require anesthesia?
Cervical polyp removal surgery generally does not require anesthesia, partly because the stalk of the cervical polyp is usually quite thin, making it easy to cut off during removal. Another reason is that the nerve distribution in the cervical area is not as rich, so the cervical tissues are less sensitive to pain compared to other areas. Therefore, the cervical polyp removal surgery does not cause significant pulling reactions on the cervix, which is why general anesthesia is generally not needed.
Causes of irregular menstruation and dysmenorrhea
There are many causes of menstrual disorders and dysmenorrhea, so we must first consider changes caused by organic lesions, such as adenomyosis, which can cause increased menstrual flow, prolonged menstruation, and progressively worsening dysmenorrhea. There may even be pain during sexual intercourse, and abdominal pain may also occur occasionally. Apart from organic lesions, even after excluding organic conditions, some women may still experience menstrual disorders and dysmenorrhea. For example, adolescent girls often experience primary dysmenorrhea along with menstrual irregularities, which could lead to functional bleeding.
Can cervical polyps recur?
Cervical polyps are highly prone to recurrence. Often after removal, polyps can repeatedly grow back. Possible causes may be related to persistent inflammatory stimulation, hormonal imbalances such as excessively high levels of estrogen, and infections from pathogens. Mainly, infections from pathogens might occur through invasive procedures or external factors such as childbirth in women. Therefore, if the inflammation persists, individual differences in physical constitution with continuously high levels of estrogen, and the invasion of external pathogens can all contribute to the recurrent occurrence of cervical polyps.
Will an IUD cause an ectopic pregnancy?
IUD insertion can cause ectopic pregnancy because it is a minor gynecological surgery and an invasive procedure. Any invasive operation can potentially trigger pelvic inflammatory disease. The occurrence of pelvic inflammatory disease can lead to inflammation of the fallopian tubes, which is one of the main causes of ectopic pregnancy. Moreover, not every patient is suitable for an IUD. These devices come in many shapes, and there should be an optimal match between the shape of the IUD and the size and form of the uterine cavity. If the IUD does not match the patient's uterine cavity size and shape, it may not effectively prevent pregnancy, thus increasing the risk of pregnancy with the IUD in place, including the occurrence of ectopic pregnancies. In conclusion, IUD insertion can lead to ectopic pregnancies.
How long does it take to recover from uterine prolapse by taking Bu Zhong Yi Qi Wan?
For patients with uterine prolapse, taking Bu Zhong Yi Qi Wan can promote the recovery of pelvic floor muscle tension and relieve local symptoms. Generally, if the symptoms are mild, the effect of taking Bu Zhong Yi Qi Wan can be quite significant. However, it is better to use it in combination with other treatment methods for a more pronounced effect, such as pelvic floor physiotherapy or wearing a uterine support device. For patients with mild symptoms, the effects of taking the medicine can be very noticeable and may also require a shorter duration. However, for those with more severe symptoms, the effects might not be as significant, and prolonged use of the medicine may not greatly alleviate the symptoms.