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Yan Xin Liang
Pediatrics
About me
Graduated from Nanhua University, engaged in pediatric work for over 10 years, and have further studied at Hunan Children's Hospital, Xiangya Hospital, and Beijing Children's Hospital.
Proficient in diseases
Diagnosis and treatment of common diseases in pediatric internal medicine, especially skilled in the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric respiratory system and neurological diseases, such as pediatric convulsions, epilepsy, asthma, and lung infections...
Voices
Late-stage symptoms of hand, foot, and mouth disease
Hand, foot, and mouth disease is an acute infectious disease caused by enterovirus infection. Generally, there are more than twenty types of enteroviruses that cause hand, foot, and mouth disease, but the most common are Coxsackie virus A16 and enterovirus 71. The initial symptoms of hand, foot, and mouth disease are blisters in the hands, feet, and mouth; some cases include fever, while others do not. In later stages, the disease may exhibit recurring fevers, and the blisters on the mouth, hands, feet, and buttocks may burst and crust over. After crusting, the blisters gradually heal, but in some cases, the disease can progress to severe cases. For instance, complications such as encephalitis, brainstem encephalitis, myocarditis can occur, and some cases may develop neurogenic pulmonary edema, pulmonary hemorrhage, and circulatory failure, among others. However, such severe cases are generally rare.
Is congenital heart disease heart cancer?
Congenital heart disease primarily refers to the abnormal development of the heart and blood vessels during the fetal period, leading to cardiovascular malformations. It is the most common type of heart disease in children, with an incidence rate of about 6-8 per 1,000 live births. Generally, congenital heart disease refers to malformations during the development of the fetal heart. The exact causes of this condition are still not completely understood. However, actively preventing viral infectious diseases in the early stages of pregnancy and avoiding certain high-risk factors associated with the disease play a significant role in preventing congenital heart disease in children. It should be noted that congenital heart disease represents malformations in the development of the heart and is not a form of heart cancer, hence there is no terminology that describes it as such.
Phenylketonuria is a disease.
Phenylketonuria is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder resulting from mutations in the phenylalanine hydroxylase gene, leading to reduced enzyme activity and the accumulation of phenylalanine and its metabolic products in the body, thereby causing this disease. Phenylketonuria is the most common congenital amino acid metabolic disorder, clinically characterized by intellectual developmental delays, light skin and hair pigmentation, and a mouse-like urine odor. The incidence of the disease varies by race and region, with an incidence rate in China of about 1 in 11,000. Phenylalanine is an essential amino acid for the human body, but due to reduced activity of phenylalanine hydroxylase, phenylalanine cannot be converted into tyrosine, leading to extremely high concentrations of phenylalanine in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and tissues. Abnormal metabolism produces a large amount of phenylpyruvic acid, phenylacetic acid, phenyllactic acid, and p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, along with high concentrations of phenylalanine and its metabolic products, causing brain damage and corresponding symptoms.
Symptoms of Mycoplasma Infection in Children
The symptoms of mycoplasma infection in children primarily include respiratory infections, with common symptoms being cough and fever. Additionally, mycoplasma can cause wheezing and shortness of breath. Generally, mycoplasma can lead to pharyngitis, bronchitis, and pneumonia. In cases of pneumonia caused by mycoplasma, it can affect the bronchial mucosa and the pulmonary interstitial. It can also cause pulmonary consolidation. The main treatment for mycoplasma pneumonia is the use of macrolide antibiotics to treat the infection, followed by symptomatic treatment, expectorants, and cough suppressants.
Why does rickets cause excessive sweating?
Rickets, also known as Vitamin D deficiency rickets, is a chronic systemic nutritional disease characterized by bone lesions caused by insufficient Vitamin D in infants, children, or adolescents, leading to disturbances in calcium and phosphorus metabolism. The main features of this disease are incomplete calcification of the long bone epiphyses, cartilage plates, and bone tissue due to Vitamin D deficiency, resulting in incomplete osteogenic calcification. This disease is generally seen in infants under two years of age, particularly common in infants aged 3-18 months. Due to the lack of Vitamin D, the disease can present symptoms such as excessive night sweating, irritability, restlessness, crying, and cradle cap. Therefore, the excessive sweating associated with this disease is mainly caused by a deficiency in Vitamin D.
What should children with diarrhea not eat?
Children's diarrhea can be classified into infectious and non-infectious types. Generally, if it is infectious diarrhea, it is crucial to provide a light and easily digestible diet. If the infant is breastfed, continue breastfeeding, but the mother's diet should also be light and easily digestible. If the child is formula-fed, you can feed them diarrhea-specific formula and gradually add some supplementary foods such as thin porridge, noodles, and fruit juice. However, greasy and hard-to-digest foods should be avoided as much as possible, and this applies to older children as well; they also should not consume fatty and spicy foods. Additionally, foods that are hard to digest should be avoided to aid in the recovery of the condition. If it is non-infectious diarrhea, for example, caused by allergies to milk or eggs, avoid consuming these allergenic foods. In cases of lactose intolerance causing diarrhea, avoid lactose-containing milk powder; switch to diarrhea-specific formula instead.
Symptoms of measles in children
Common symptoms of measles in children generally start with a fever. Usually, the onset of measles begins with a fever, followed by catarrhal symptoms such as a runny nose, sneezing, and excessive tearing, which occur three to five days later. If a rash appears, it usually starts behind the ears and around the hairline with red spots and gradually spreads to the face, torso, and eventually to the entire body including the limbs, as well as the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet. Additionally, measles can cause spots on the mucous membranes in the mouth and is prone to complications like pneumonia. These are some of the common symptoms of measles. If measles is complicated by pneumonia or severe pneumonia, it is important to take it seriously.
How to prevent hand, foot, and mouth disease?
Hand, foot, and mouth disease is an infectious disease caused by enteroviruses, with over 20 types, commonly Coxsackievirus A16 and Enterovirus 71. These viruses are mainly transmitted through respiratory and digestive tracts, such as through droplets, hand-mouth contact, and lack of hygiene, leading to infection. To prevent this disease, first, avoid contact with individuals infected with hand, foot, and mouth disease. Second, ensure good ventilation in rooms and avoid crowded places. Additionally, it's best to clean and disinfect utensils and daily necessities. During the epidemic period, try to minimize visits to public places.